Kuyini ukushicilela futhi, ngokwandisa, ukuklanywa kwe-typographic? Ukuze usebenzise incazelo eyisisekelo, uhlamvu lwe-typography luyi-design kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo njengendlela yokuxhumana. Abantu abaningi bacabangela ukuthi i-typography iqalile ngoGuenenberg futhi kuthuthukiswa uhlobo olushukumisayo, kodwa uhlamvu lwezithombe lubuyela emuva kakhulu kunalokho. Leli gatsha lomklamo lisuka ezincwadini ezibhalwe ngezandla. Ukunyathelisa kufaka konke okuvela ku-calligraphy ngohlobo lwedijithali esilubona namhlanje kumakhasi wewebhu azo zonke izinhlobo. Ubuciko be-typography kufaka phakathi abakhi bezinhlobo abakha amafomu omusha abuye aguqulwe abe amafayela wefonti amanye amadizayini angayisebenzisa emsebenzini wawo, kusukela emnyathelweni eya kumawebhusayithi ashiwo ngenhla. Njengoba ehlukile njengoba leyo misebenzi ingase ibe, izinto eziyisisekelo zobunikazi bezinhlamvu zithinta bonke.
I-Elements of Typography
Ukwaziswa kanye namafonti: Uma uke wakhulume kumklamo osebenzisa i-typography emisebenzini yabo, kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile amagama "typeface" kanye / noma "ifonti". Abantu abaningi basebenzisa la magama amabili ngokungafani, kodwa empeleni kukhona umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili.
"Uhlobo" yimigomo enikezwa emndenini wamafonti (njenge-Helvetica Regular, i-Helvetica Italic, i-Helvetica Black, ne- Helvetica Bold ). Zonke izinguqulo ezihlukahlukene ze-Helvetica zakha i-typeface ephelele.
"Ifonti" igama elisetshenziswe lapho umuntu ekhuluma isisindo esisodwa kuphela noma isitayela ngaphakathi kulowo mndeni (njenge-Helvetica Bold). Izindawo eziningi kangaka ziqukethe izinombolo zamanye amafonti, konke okufanayo nokuhlobene kodwa okuhlukile ngandlela-thile. Ezinye izinto ezifakiwe zingabandakanya kuphela ifonti eyodwa, kuyilapho ezinye zingabandakanya ukuhlukahluka okuningi kwezinhlamvu ezenziwe ngamafonti.
Ingabe lokhu kuzwakale kudidekile? Uma kunjalo, ungakhathazeki. Eqinisweni, uma othile engazi isazi se-typography, cishe bazosebenzisa igama elithi "ifonti" kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiyiphi yale migomo ayisho ngempela - ngisho nabaqambi abaningi bezobuchwepheshe basebenzisa la magama amabili ngokungafani. Ngaphandle kokuba ukhulume nomklami omsulwa onobuhle mayelana nemishini ye-craft, cishe uhle ngokuphephile usebenzisa noma yiliphi lala magama amabili ongayithanda. Uma kuthiwa, uma uqonda umehluko futhi ungasebenzisa kahle imigomo efanele, lokho akuyona into embi!
Izinkomba Zobunjwa: Ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi "imindeni yamafonti ejwayelekile" , lezi ziqoqo ezinkulu zama-typefaces ngokusekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zokukhiqiza ezihlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene ngaphansi kwamakhasi. Amakhasi eWebhu , kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha zokuhlukaniswa kwefonti ongase ubone:
- serif
- sans-serif
- i-monospaced
- i-cursive
- fantasy
- script
Kukhona nezinye izinombolo zamanye amafonti okuyiziphephelo zalezi zindawo. Isibonelo, amafonti e-slab serf afana nezinsimbi, kodwa zonke zifaka umklamo obonakalayo onama-thick, ama-chunky ezincwadini ze-letterforms.
Omunye amawebhusayithi namuhla, serif and sans-serif yizigaba ezimbili ezijwayelekile kakhulu zefonti ezisetshenzisiwe.
Uhlobo lwe-Anatomy: Uhlobo lohlobo ngalunye lwakhiwe ngezakhi ezahlukene ezihlukanisa nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo. Ngaphandle kokuthi uhambe ngokukhethekile ekungeneni kohlobo lwezinhlobo futhi ukhangele ukwakha amafonti amasha, abakhi bewebhu abadinga ukuqonda imininingwane ye-typeface anatomy. Uma unesithakazelo ekufundeni okuningi mayelana nalezi zakhiwo zokwakha ze-typefaces kanye ne-letterforms, kunesihloko esihle ku- typeface anatomy kusayithi lokushicilela i-About.com desktop.
Ezingeni eliyisisekelo, izakhi ze-typeface anatomy okufanele uziqaphele yizo:
- I-Cap ne-x-ukuphakama: Lokhu kukuphakama kwezinhlamvu ezinkulu ku-typeface nokuphakama kwencwadi x. Ikutshela ukuthi ubude kangakanani izinhlamvu ezinkulu, kanye nokuthi izinhlamvu ezincane kakhulu zizoba kanjani. Amafonti asayizi ngokusekelwe kulezi zici ezimbili.
- Abaqashi nabakhuphukayo: Lezi yizingxenye zamagama ezihamba ngezansi nangaphezulu kwe- x-height line. Lokhu ngokuvamile kubhekisela ezincwadini eziphansi. Isibonelo, incwadi "b" ine-ascender (isiqephu esithinta "phezulu" encwadini) ngenkathi incwadi "p" ine-descender (izingxenye ezithinta "phansi" encwadini).
Izikhala Ezizungeze Izincwadi
Kunezinguquko eziningana ezingenziwa phakathi kwezincwadi ezizungezile ezithinta ifoldagraphy. Amafonti edijithali adalwe ngezici eziningi kulezi zici, futhi kumawebhusayithi sinamandla okulinganisa ukushintsha lezi zici zefonti. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyinto enhle kusukela indlela ezenzakalelayo amafonti aboniswa ngokuvamile kuvame ukukhetha.
- ukuhlunga - isikhala esiphezulu phakathi kwezinhlamvu ngabanye
- ukulandelela - isikhala phakathi kwamaqembu ezinhlamvu
- ehola - isikhala somqondo phakathi kwemigqa yohlobo (lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ukuphakama komugqa emigameni yewebhu)
- isilinganiso - ubude bomugqa wombhalo
- ukuvumelanisa - ukubeka ngeso lengqondo umbhalo ngakwesobunxele, kwesokudla, okugxilwe, noma okulungile
- izimila - izincwadi zazisondelene ndawonye ukuze i-anatomie yabo ihlanganiswe, ngokuyinhloko igeleza incwadi eyodwa ibe yinye
Okunye okuningi kwe-Typography Elements
Ukunyathelisa kungaphezulu nje kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezisetshenzisiwe kanye ne-whitespace ezungezile. Kukhona nezinye izinto okufanele uzigcine engqondweni uma udala uhlelo oluhle lwe-typographic nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuklama:
Ukuhlanzwa: Ukuhlanzwa kungukungeza kwe-hyphen (-) ekugcineni kwemigqa ukusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga ekufundeni noma ukwenza ukulungiswa kubonakale kungcono. Ngenkathi kuvame ukutholakala kumadokhumenti ashicilelwe, abakhiqizi abaningi bewebhu bazinaki ukucatshungulwa futhi abakusebenzisi emsebenzini wabo ngoba akuyona into ephathwa ngokuzenzekelayo yiziphequluli zewebhu.
I-Rag: Uhlangothi olungenalutho olungenalutho lwe-block of text lubizwa ngokuthi i-rag. Uma uqaphela ukunyathelisa, kufanele ubheke amabhlokhi wakho wombhalo wonke ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi i-rag ayithinti umklamo. Uma i-rag ivuke kakhulu noma ingalingani, ingathinta ukufundwa kwesikhala sombhalo bese yenza ukuphazamisa. Lokhu kuyinto ephathekayo ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesiphequluli ngokubheka ukuthi ihlunga kanjani uhlobo oluvela emgqeni kuya emgqeni.
Abafelokazi Nezintandane: Igama elilodwa ekupheleni kwekholomu ngumfelokazi futhi uma liphezulu kwikholomu entsha yinkimbinkimbi. Abafelokazi nezintandane babheka okubi futhi kungaba nzima ukufunda.
Ukuthola imigqa yakho yombhalo ukuze ubonise ngokugcwele kusiphequluli sewebhu yisiphakamiso esiyingozi, ikakhulukazi uma unewebhusayithi ephendulayo kanye nokubonisa okuhlukile kwamasayizi wezinkrini ezahlukene.Umgomo wakho kufanele ube ukubukeza isayithi ngezikhulu ezahlukene ukuze uzame ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu kungenzeka, ngenkathi wamukela ukuthi kwezinye izimo okuqukethwe kwakho kuzoba namafasitela, izintandane, noma ezinye izibonisi ezingaphansi kokuhle. Umgomo wakho kufanele kube ukunciphisa lezi zici zokuklama kohlobo, kuyilapho ubukeka nokuthi awukwazi ukufezekisa ukuphelela kwansayizi yesikrini nokubonisa.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlola iTypography Yakho
- Khetha izinto eziphathekayo ngokucophelela, ubheke uhlobo oluthile lomhlobo kanye nokuthi yikuphi umndeni wohlobo olukulo.
- Uma wakha umklamo usebenzisa umbhalo wendawo , ungavumi ukuklama kokugcina uze ubone umbhalo wangempela eklanyweni.
- Qaphela imininingwane encane ye-typography .
- Bheka ibhokisi ngalinye lombhalo njengokungathi alikho amagama kulo. Yimiphi imibono eyenziwa ngombhalo ekhasini? Qinisekisa ukuthi lezo zakhiwo zithwala lonke ikhasi ukuklama.
Isihloko sokuqala sikaJennifer Krynin. Ihlelwe nguJeremy Girard ngo-7/5/17