Izindlela ezintsha eziningana zokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi wekhompuyutha yokugcina idatha ziye zavela eminyakeni yamuva. Enye indlela ethandwayo, Isitoreji Esihlanganisiwe Sokuxhumana (i-NAS), ivumela amakhaya namabhizinisi ukuba agcine futhi athole imali enkulu yemininingwane engcono kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.
Ingemuva
Ngokomlando, i- floppy drives iye yasetshenziselwa kabanzi ukwabelana ngamafayela wedatha, kodwa namuhla izidingo zokugcina zomuntu ojwayelekile zidlula amandla omkhuhlane. Amabhizinisi manje agcina inombolo enkulu kakhulu yamadokhumenti e-elektroniki namasethi okunikezwayo kufaka phakathi amavidyo kliphu. Abasebenzisi bekhompyutha basekhaya, ngokufika kwamafayela omculo we-MP3 nemifanekiso ye-JPEG eshenwe kusuka ezithombeni, ngokufanayo zidinga isitoreji esikhulu futhi esikahle.
Amaseva wefayela ephakathi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamaklayenti okuxhumana okuyisisekelo / iseva ukuxazulula lezinkinga zokugcina idatha. Ngendlela elula kakhulu, iseva yefayela iqukethe i-PC noma i-hardware yokusebenza isebenza uhlelo lokusebenza kwenethiwekhi (i-NOS) esekela ukwabelana ngefayela (njenge-Novell NetWare, i-UNIX® noma i-Microsoft Windows). Ukushayela okunamandla okufakwe kuseva kunikeza i-gigabytes yesikhala ngediski, futhi amateyiphu amathrekhi afakwe kulezi seva anganweba lo mkhakha ngisho nangaphezulu.
Amaseva wefayela aziqhayisa umlando wethrekhi omude wokuphumelela, kodwa amakhaya amaningi, amaqembu omsebenzi namabhizinisi amancane angeke akwazi ukunikezela ikhompiyutha ngokugcwele ngokuphathelene nemisebenzi yokugcina imininingwane elula. Faka i-NAS.
Kuyini i-NAS?
I-NAS inselele indlela yokusebenza yefayili yendabuko ngokudala izinhlelo ezilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile ukugcinwa kwedatha. Esikhundleni sokuqala ngekhompiyutha jikelele kanye nokulungisa noma ukususa izici kusuka kuleso sisekelo, imiklamo ye-NAS iqala ngamathambo angenalutho okudingekayo ukusekela ukudluliswa kwefayela futhi wengeze izici "kusukela phansi kuze kube phezulu."
Njengezinsizakalo zefayela zendabuko, i-NAS ilandela iklayenti / iklayenti yenkampani. Idivaysi eyodwa yehadiwe, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ibhokisi le-NAS noma ikhanda le- NAS, lisebenza njenge-interface phakathi kwama-NAS namakhasimende enethiwekhi. Lezi zinsiza ze-NAS zidinga ukuqapha, ikhibhodi noma igundane. Ngokuvamile bagijima uhlelo lokusebenza olufakiwe ngaphandle kwe-NOS egcwele. I-disk eyodwa noma ngaphezulu (futhi mhlawumbe itayipi) ingaxhunyaniswa nezinhlelo eziningi ze-NAS ukwandisa amandla amanani. Amaklayenti ahlale exhuma kwinhloko ye-NAS, kodwa, kunokuba asebenze kumadivayisi wesitoreji ngabanye.
Amakhasimende ngokuvamile afinyelela ku-NAS ngaphezu kokuxhuma kwe- Ethernet . I-NAS ibonakala kunethiwekhi njenge "node" eyodwa kuphela ikheli le- IP lensiza yekhanda.
I-NAS ingagcina noma iyiphi idatha evela efomini yamafayela, njengebhokisi le-imeyli, okuqukethwe kweWebhu, ama-backups wesistimu esikude, njalonjalo. Ngokubanzi, ukusetshenziselwa kwe-NAS okufana nalawo amaseva wesifayela wefayili.
Izinhlelo ze-NAS zizama ukusebenza okuthembekile nokuphathwa okulula. Ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi izici ezakhelwe ngaphakathi njenge-quot zesikhala sedisk, ukuqinisekiswa okuphephile, noma ukuthumela okuzenzakalelayo kwezaziso ze-imeyili kufanele kube khona iphutha.
Amaprosesa ase-NAS
Ukuxhumana nenhloko ye-NAS kwenzeka ngaphezu kwe-TCP / IP. Ngokuqondile, amaklayenti asebenzisa noma yiziphi izinqubo eziningana eziphakeme eziphezulu ( ukusetshenziswa noma ukulandelana kwezivumelwano eziyisikhombisa esimisweni se- OSI ) esakhiwe phezulu kwe-TCP / IP.
Ama-protocol ama-application amabili avame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-NAS yi-Sun Network File System (NFS) ne-Common Internet File System (CIFS). Kokubili i-NFS ne-CIFS isebenza kumaklayenti / iseva yesimo. Zombili ngaphambili kwe-NAS yanamuhla ngeminyaka eminingi; Umsebenzi wokuqala kulezi zinqubo zenzeka ngawo-1980.
I-NFS yasungulwa ekuqaleni kokuhlanganyela amafayela phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-UNIX ngaphesheya kwe- LAN . Ukusekela kwe-NFS kwandiswe ngokushesha ukufaka izinhlelo ezingekho ze-UNIX; Kodwa-ke, amaklayenti amaningi e-NFS namuhla ama-computer asebenzisa ukunambitheka okuthile kwesistimu yokusebenza ye-UNIX.
I-CIFS yaziwa ngaphambili ngokuthi i-Server Message Block (SMB). I-SMB yenzelwe i-IBM ne-Microsoft ukusekela ukwabiwa kwefayela ku-DOS. Njengoba le protocol isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-Windows, igama lishintshiwe libe yi-CIFS. Le protocol efanayo iyavela namhlanje ezinkambisweni ze-UNIX njengengxenye yephakheji le- Samba .
Izinhlelo eziningi ze-NAS nazo zisekela i-Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Amaklayenti angavame ukulanda amafayela kwisiphequluli seWebhu asuka ku-NAS esekela i-HTTP. Izinhlelo ze-NAS nazo zivame ukusebenzisa i-HTTP njenge-protocol yokufinyelela ye-interfaces yomsebenzisi yokuphatha e-Web.