Incazelo yeSistimu yeFayili, okuyikho okuyiyo, kanye nezixuku ezisebenzisayo namuhla
Amakhompiyutha asebenzisa izinhlobo ezithile zamafayela wefayela (ngezinye izikhathi ezifingqiwe FS ) ukugcina nokuhlela idatha kumidiya, njenge- hard drive , ama-CD, ama-DVD, nama-BDs ku- drive optical noma kwi- flash drive .
Uhlelo lwefayili lungacatshangwa njenge-index noma i-database equkethe indawo yendawo yonke yedatha ku-hard drive noma kwenye idivayisi yesitoreji. Idatha ivame ukuhlelwa kumafolda ebizwa ngokuthi izinkomba, ezingabandakanya amanye amafolda namafayela.
Noma iyiphi indawo ikhompyutha noma enye idivayisi ye-elekthroniki igcina idatha isebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kolunye uhlobo lwefayela lefayela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ikhompyutha yakho ye-Windows, i-Mac yakho, i-smartphone yakho, i-ATM yasebhange lakho ... ngisho nekhompyutha emotweni yakho!
Amafayela wefayela leWindows
Amasistimu okusebenza we- Microsoft Windows asekele njalo, futhi asekela ukusekela, izinguqulo ezihlukahlukene zesistimu yefayili yefayela le- FAT (File Allocation Table).
Ngaphezu kwe-FAT, wonke ama-Microsoft Windows operating systems kusukela Windows NT asekela uhlelo olusha lwefayela olubizwa nge- NTFS (I-New Technology File System).
Zonke izinguqulo zanamuhla zeWindows nazo zisekela i- exFAT , uhlelo lwefayili olwenzelwe ukushayela kwe- flash .
Uhlelo lwefayili yisethaphu ku-drive ngesikhathi sefomethi . Bheka Indlela Yokufometha I-Hard Drive ngolwazi oluthe xaxa.
Okuningi mayelana nezinhlelo zefayela
Amafayela kudivayisi yokugcina agcinwa kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi imikhakha . Imikhakha emakwe engasetshenzisiwe ingasetshenziswa ukugcina idatha, ejwayelekile eyenziwa ngamaqembu emikhakha ebizwa ngokuthi amabhlokhi. Yisistimu yefayili ekhomba ubukhulu kanye nesimo samafayela kanye nokuthi yiziphi imikhakha ekulungele ukusetshenziswa.
Ithiphu: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yokuthi ifayela lefayela ligcina idatha, ukubhala nokususa kusuka kudivayisi yokugcina kubangela ukuhlukaniswa ngenxa yezikhala ezingenakwenzeka phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene zefayela. Ukusekelwa ngokukhululekile kokusiza kungasiza ukulungisa lokho.
Ngaphandle kwesakhiwo sokuhlela amafayili, kungekhona nje kuphela ukuthi ngeke kwenzeke ukususa izinhlelo ezifakiwe bese uthola amafayela athile, kodwa akukho amafayela amabili angaba khona negama elifanayo ngoba konke kungase kube kufolda efanayo (okuyiyona folda eyodwa yezizathu ewusizo).
Qaphela: Engisho ukuthini ngamafayela anegama elifanayo kufana nesithombe, isibonelo. Ifayela IMG123.jpg lingaba ngamakhulu amafolda ngoba ifolda ngayinye isetshenziselwa ukwehlukanisa ifayela le- JPG , ngakho-ke akukhona ukungqubuzana. Noma kunjalo, amafayela awakwazi ukuqukatha igama elifanayo uma eqondisweni olufanayo.
Uhlelo lwefayili alugcini nje ukugcina amafayela kodwa nolwazi olumayelana nawo, njengokwesayizi webheji lomkhakha, ulwazi lwezingcezu, usayizi wefayela, izimfanelo , igama lefayela, indawo yefayela, kanye nokuqondisa kwemibhalo.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kwe-Windows nazo zisebenzise ama-FAT ne-NTFS kodwa izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlelo zefayela zikhona, njenge-HFS + esetshenziswa ku-Apple umkhiqizo njenge-iOS ne-MacOS. I-Wikipedia inehlu oluphelele lwezinhlelo zefayela uma unesithakazelo esihlokweni.
Ngezinye izikhathi, igama elithi "uhlelo lwefayela" lisetshenziswe kumongo wezingxenye . Isibonelo, ukusho ukuthi "kunezinhlelo ezimbili zamafayela ku-hard drive yami" akusho ukuthi idrayivu ihlukaniswe phakathi kwe-NTFS ne-FAT, kodwa ukuthi kunezinhlaka ezimbili ezihlukene ezisebenzisa uhlelo lwefayela.
Izinhlelo eziningi oxhumana nazo zidinga uhlelo lwefayili ukuze usebenze, ngakho-ke zonke izingxenye kufanele zibe neyodwa. Futhi, izinhlelo ziyi-system-depend dependent, okusho ukuthi awukwazi ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Windows uma lwakhiwe ukusetshenziswa ku-MacOS.