Abasebenzisi abaningi be-Linux bazosebenzisa umyalo we- ls wokufaka amafayela namafolda ngaphakathi kwe-Linux.
Umyalo wezwi ovame ukubhekwa njengengqikithi ye-Windows kodwa isebenza ku-Linux ngendlela enhle ngendlela efanayo.
Kulo mhlahlandlela ngizokubonisa ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani umyalo wokulahla ku-Linux futhi ukutshela ukuthi ukushintshwa okhiye kungasetshenziswa ukuze uthole okuningi.
Isibonelo Ukusebenzisa I-Dir Dir Command
Ukuze uthole uhlu lwawo wonke amafayela namafolda esihlalweni samanje sebenzisa umyalo wokudlula kanje:
faka
Uhla lamafayela namafolda luzovela kufomethi yekholomu.
Indlela Yokubonisa Amafayela Afihliwe Ukusebenzisa i-Dir Dir Command
Ngokuzenzakalelayo umyalo wokudumisa ubonisa kuphela amafayela namafolda ajwayelekile. Ku-Linux ungafihla ifayela ngokwenza umlingisi wokuqala ukuyeka okugcwele. (ie .myhiddenfile).
Ukukhombisa amafayela afihliwe usebenzisa umyalo we-dir usebenzise inkinobho elandelayo:
faka -a
faka -
Ungabona uma ugijima umyalo ngale ndlela ukuthi uhlunga ifayela elibizwa. futhi omunye obizwa ngokuthi ..
Iphashazi lokuqala libonisa isiqondisi samanje namachashazi amabili asakaze isiqondisi sangaphambilini. Ungakwazi ukufihla lokhu uma usebenzisa umyalelo wezwi ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
dir -A
dir -almost-konke
Indlela Yokubonisa Umlobi Wefayela
Ungabonisa umbhali wamafayela (abantu abadala amafayela) ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo we-dir:
tshela -l - udoti
I -l iyadingeka ukuvula isibonisi sibe uhlu.
Indlela Yokufihla Izipele
Uma uqhuba imiyalo ethile efana nomyalo we-mv noma i -cp umyalo ungaphetha ngamafayela aphethwe ngendwangu (~).
I-tilde ekugcineni kwefayela iphakamisa umyalo osekele ifayela lokuqala ngaphambi kokudala entsha.
Ungase ungafuni ukubona amafayela asekelwayo uma ubuyisa uhlu lwemibhalo njengoba lawa mafayela azoba nje umsindo.
Ukuzifihla ugijime umyalo olandelayo:
tshela -B
ukuhlunga - izigcawu zokulondoloza
Engeza Umbala Ku-Output
Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa imibala ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamafayela, amafolda kanye nezixhumanisi ungasebenzisa inkinobho elandelayo:
faka --color = njalo
faka --color = auto
faka --color = nanini
Fometha Okukhiphayo
Ungafometha okukhiphayo ukuze kungabonakali njalo kwifomethi yekholomu.
Izinketho zilandelayo:
dir --format = yonkana
dir --format = amakhompiyutha
dir --format = enezingqimba
dir --format = eside
dir --format = ikholomu eyodwa
dir --format = verbose
dir --format = vertical
Kuhlu lwazo zonke amafayela kumugqa ngamunye, amakhomitha ahlukanisa into ngayinye ngama-commas, ahamba phambili afana naso sonke isikhathi, eside futhi verbose akhiqiza uhlu olude ngolwazi oluthe xaxa, ngokuqondile okukhiphayo okuzenzakalelayo.
Ungathola futhi umphumela ofanayo ngokusebenzisa ukushintsha okulandelayo:
tshela -x (okufana nendawo yonkana)
tshela -m (okufanayo nama-commas)
tshela -l (okufana nesikhathi eside ne-verbose)
tshela -1 (ikholomu eyodwa)
shwa-c (mpo)
Buyisela uhlu olude noma lwe-Verbose
Njengoba kuboniswe esigabeni sokwenza ungathola uhlu olude ngokusebenzisa enye yale miyalo:
dir --format = eside
dir --format = verbose
tshela -l
Uhlu olude lubuyisa ulwazi olulandelayo:
- izimvume
- inodes
- umnikazi
- iqembu
- usayizi wefayela
- usuku lokugcina lokufinyelela
- igama lefayela
Uma ungafuni ukubhala umnikazi wefayela ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo kunalokho:
hlola -g
Ngokufanayo ungafihla amaqembu ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
faka -G -l
Ubukhulu befayela obufundwayo
Ngokuzenzakalelayo amafomethi wefayela afakwe ohlwini lwe-byte ehle kakhulu eminyakeni engaba ngu-30 eyedlule kodwa manje ngamafayela afinyelela kuma-gigabytes kungcono kakhulu ukubona ubukhulu esimeni esifundazwe esifana nomuntu ongu-2.5 G noma 1.5 M.
Ukubona usayizi wefayela kufomethi efundwa ngumuntu sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
tshela -l -h
Uhlu Lokuqala Okokuqala
Uma ufuna ukuthi izinkomba ziboniswe kuqala futhi amafayela kamuva asebenzise inkinobho elandelayo:
tshela -l - iqembu-izinkomba-zokuqala
Fihla Amafayela Ngesibonelo Esithile
Uma ufuna ukufihla amafayela athile ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
dir --hide = iphethini
Isibonelo ukukhiqiza uhlu lwemibhalo lwamafolda wakho omculo kodwa ungazinaki amafayela we-wav asebenzise okulandelayo.
dir --hide = .wav
Ungafinyelela umphumela ofanayo usebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
tshela -Iphethini
Bonisa Ulwazi Oluthe xaxa Mayelana namafayela namafolda
Umyalo olandelayo ungasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamafayela, amafolda nezixhumanisi:
isilawuli-isitayela-isitayela = sichaza
Lokhu kuzobonisa amafolda ngokufaka ukuxuba ekugcineni, amafayela asinalutho ngemva kwawo, ama-link ane-@ uphawu emafetheni ekugcineni futhi asebenzayo ane-* ekugcineni.
Isitayela sesibonakaliso singasethwa kulezi zimiso futhi:
- akukho (okuzenzakalelayo)
- i-slash (amarekhodi ahlehlisiwe)
- uhlobo lwefayela
Ungabonisa futhi amafolda ngokuhlehlisa ekugcineni ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
tshela -p
Ungabonisa izinhlobo zefayela ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
faka -F
Uhlu Lonke Amafayela Namafolda Ezingaphansi Zamafolda
Ukuze uthole uhlu lwawo wonke ama-sub-folders namafayela kulawo ma-sub-folders ungenza uhlu oluphindaphindiwe ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
tshela -R
Ukuhlunga okukhiphayo
Ungakwazi ukuhlunga i-oda lapho amafayela namafolda abuyiselwa khona ngokusebenzisa imiyalo elandelayo:
dir --sort = none
u-dir --sort = usayizi
dir --sort = isikhathi
dir --sort = inguqulo
dir --sort = isandiso
Ungabuye ucacise imiyalo elandelayo ukufeza umphumela ofanayo:
dir -s (hlola ngesayizi)
tshela -t (hlela ngesikhatsi)
dir -v (hlela ngenguqulo)
tshela -x (hlela ngesandiso)
Ukuguqula i-oda
Ungakwazi ukuguqula umyalelo lapho amafayela namafolda abhalwe ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
tshela -r
Isifingqo
Umyalo we-dir uyalingana kakhulu nomyalo we-ls. Kungenzeka ukuthi kufanele ufunde ngomyalo we-ls njengoba lokhu kuyisimo esivame ukutholakala nakuba izinhlelo eziningi zifaka phakathi.