I-Linux / Unix Command:> ezinye izindlela
Igama
ezinye izindlela - gcina izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso ezinquma imiyalo ezenzakalelayo
Isiqubulo
ezinye izindlela [ izinketho ] - faka igama lokuxhumanisa indlela yokuqala [ indlela yokuxhumanisa igama le-link ] ... [- insizakalo yombhalo ]
ezinye izindlela [ ongakhetha ] - hlela indlela yegama
ezinye izindlela [ izinketho ] - indlela yegama elihle
ezinye izindlela [ izinketho ] - igama le- auto
ezinye izindlela [ izinketho ] - igama lokudlala
ezinye izindlela [ ongakhetha ] - igama leconfig
Incazelo
ezinye izindlela zakha, zisusa, zigcina futhi zibonisa ulwazi mayelana nezixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso ezihlanganisa uhlelo oluthile. Isistimu yokunye indlela yokubuyisela kabusha uhlelo lweDebian alternatives. Iphinde yabhalwa ngokuyinhloko ukususa ukuxhomeka kwi-perl; kuhloswe ukuba kube ukwehla kokufaka iskripthi se-Debian -dependency script esikhundleni sakhe. Leli khasi lomuntu liyinguqulo eguqulelwe kancane yekhasi lomuntu kusuka kuphrojekthi yeDebian.
Kungenzeka izinhlelo eziningana ezifeza imisebenzi efanayo noma efanayo okufanele ifakwe ohlelweni olulodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isibonelo, izinhlelo eziningi zinabashicileli abaningana bafakiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kunika amandla kubasebenzisi besistimu, okuvumela ngamunye ukuba asebenzise umhleli ohlukile uma efunwa, kodwa kwenza kube nzima ohlelweni lokwenza umhleli omuhle ukucela uma umsebenzisi engakacacisi okuthandayo.
Uhlelo lokusebenzisa izindlela luhlose ukuxazulula le nkinga. Igama elijwayelekile kuhlelo lokufayela labiwe yiwo wonke amafayela anikezela ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo. Uhlelo lokuhlelela kanye nomqondisi wesistimu ndawonye banquma ukuthi iyiphi ifayela langempela elibhekiswe yili gama elijwayelekile. Isibonelo, uma abahleli bombhalo behlelwe (1) nvi (1) bobabili bafakwe ohlelweni, uhlelo oluthile luzokwenza igama lomsebenzisi / usr / bin / umhleli ukubhekisela ku / usr / bin / nvi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umqondisi wesistimu angakwazi ukunqoba lokhu futhi awenze ukuthi ibhekisele ku / usr / bin / ed esikhundleni, futhi uhlelo olungcono aluyikushintsha lokhu kulungiselelwa kuze kucelwe ngokucacile ukwenza kanjalo.
Igama elijwayelekile aliyona isixhumanisi esiqondile esingokomfanekiso ohlukile. Esikhundleni salokho, kuyisixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso egameni lezinsiza zokungena , okuyisixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso kufayela langempela elibhekiswe. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze izinguquko zomqondisi wesistimu zingagcinwa ngaphakathi kwesiqondisi / njll : i-FHS (qv) inikeza izizathu zokuthi kungani lokhu kuyinto enhle.
Uma iphakheji ngayinye ehlinzeka ifayela elinomsebenzi othile efakwe, ishintshiwe noma isusiwe, ezinye izindlela zibizwa ngokuthi zivuselele ulwazi mayelana nalolo fayela ohlelweni lwezinye izindlela. ezinye izindlela ngokuvamile zibizwa ngokuthi kusuka ku- % post noma % pre scripts kumaphakheji we-RPM.
Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ezinye izindlela zokuvumelanisa, ukuze zishintshwe njengeqembu; isibonelo, uma izinguqulo eziningana ze- vi (1) umhleli zifakiwe, ikhasi lomuntu elibhekiswe yi / /usr/share/man/man1/vi.1 kufanele lihambisane ne-executable ekhonjiswe ngu / usr / bin / vi . ezinye izindlela zisingatha lokhu ngokusebenzisa izixhumanisi zenkosi nezigqila ; lapho inkosi ishintshiwe, noma yikuphi izigqila ezihambisanayo zashintshwa futhi. Isixhumanisi esiyinhloko nezigqila zayo ezihambisanayo zihlanganisa iqembu lokuxhumanisa .
Isixhumanisi ngasinye sokuxhumanisa, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esithile, kwesinye sezimo ezimbili: okuzenzakalelayo noma manual. Uma iqembu limodi ezenzakalelayo, uhlelo lokushintsha luzokhipha isinqumo ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengoba amaphakheji efakwe futhi asusiwe, ukuthi ngabe ubuyekeze kanjani izixhumanisi nokuthi kanjani. Kumodi ye-manual, uhlelo lokusebenzisa angeke lushintshe izixhumanisi; izoshiya zonke izinqumo kumqondisi wesistimu.
Amaqembu axhumanisa asemoyeni othomathikhi uma eqala uhlelo. Uma umlawuli wesistimu enza izinguquko ezilungiselelweni ezizenzakalelayo zesistimu, lokhu kuzoqaphelwa ukuthi ezinye izindlela ezizayo zizoqhutshwa eqenjini elixhunyanisiwe leqembu, futhi iqembu lizoshintshelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwimodi yomsebenzisi.
Okunye okunye kunomsebenzi obalulekile ohambisana nawo. Uma iqembu lokuxhumanisa limodi ezenzakalelayo, ezinye izindlela ezibhekiswe ngamalungu eqenjini ziyoba yizona eziza phambili kakhulu.
Uma usebenzisa inketho ye -config izohlunga zonke izinketho zeqembu lokuxhumanisa igama elinikezwe ukuthi liyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko. Uzobe ususelwe ukuthi yiziphi izinketho ozisebenzisayo zeqembu lokuxhumanisa. Uma usuyenze ushintsho, iqembu lokuxhuma ngeke lisasetshenziswa kumodi yezimoto . Kuzodingeka usebenzise inketho ye- toouto ukuze ubuyele esimweni esizenzekelayo.
I-terminology
Njengoba imisebenzi yezinye izindlela ihileleke kakhulu, amagama athize angasiza ekuchazeni ukusebenza kwayo.
igama elivamile
Igama, njenge / usr / bin / editor , elibhekisela, ngesistimu ehlukile, kwenye yezinombolo eziningi zomsebenzi ofanayo.
i-symlink
Ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso esengeziwe, lokhu kusho ukuxhumanisa okungokomfanekiso kunoma yimuphi uhla lwemibhalo: okumele kulindeleke ukuthi umqondisi wesistimu alungise.
okunye
Igama lefayili ethize ohlelweni lwefayela, olwenziwe ukuthi lufinyeleleke ngegama elijwayelekile usebenzisa uhlelo oluthile.
ezinye izindlela
I-directory, ngokuzenzakalelayo / njll / ezinye izindlela , eziqukethe ama-symlinks.
isiqondisi sokuphatha
I-directory, ngokuzenzakalelayo / var / lib / alternatives , equkethe ulwazi olwengeziwe lombuso.
isixhumanisi seqembu
Iqoqo le-symlinks ehlobene, okuhloswe ukuthi ivuselelwe njengeqembu.
isixhumanisi senkosi
Isixhumanisi eqenjini lokuxhumanisa esinquma ukuthi elinye lixhumanisa kanjani eqenjini lihleliwe.
isixhumanisi senceku
Isixhumanisi eqenjini lokuxhumanisa elilawulwa ukulungiselelwa kwesixhumanisi esiyinhloko.
imodi yokuzenzakalelayo
Uma iqembu lokuxhuma limodi ezenzakalelayo, uhlelo oluthile luqinisekisa ukuthi izixhumanisi eqenjini zikhomba ezinye izindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ezifanele iqembu.
imodi yencwadi
Uma iqembu lokuxhumanisa lisemodi yokusebenza, uhlelo lokusebenzisa angeke lwenze izinguquko ezilungiselelweni zomlawuli wesistimu.
Izinketho
Isenzo esisodwa kufanele sichazwe uma ezinye izindlela ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi onenjongo. Noma iyiphi inombolo yezinketho ezivamile ingacaciswa kanye nanoma yisiphi isenzo.
Izinketho ezivamile
- buyisa
Yenza amazwana amaningi mayelana nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezenzayo.
--quiet
Ungenzi noma yikuphi ukuphawula uma ngaphandle kwephutha. Lolu khetho alukasetshenziswa.
- kakhulu
Empeleni ungenzi lutho, usho nje ukuthi uzokwenzenjani. Lolu khetho alukasetshenziswa.
--Usizo
Nika ulwazi oluthile lokusetshenziswa (futhi usho ukuthi iyiphi enye inguqulo yezindlela ezihlukile ).
--verver
Tshela ukuthi yikuphi okunye okunye okungakwenza lokhu futhi (futhi unikeza ulwazi oluthile lokusebenzisa).
- isiqondisi -altdir
Icacisa isiqondisi sendlela, uma lokhu kuzohluka kusuka kokuzenzakalelayo.
- isiqondisi -admindir
Icacisa isiqondisi sokuphatha, uma lokhu kuzohluka kusuka kokuzenzakalelayo.
Izenzo
- faka igama lokuxhumanisa igama lokuqala [ --slave slink sname spath ] [- insizakalo yombhalo ] ...
Engeza iqembu lezinye izindlela ohlelweni. igama liyigama elijwayelekile lokuxhumanisa kwenkosi, isixhumanisi igama le-symlink yayo, futhi indlela yindlela ehlukile yokwethulwa kwesixhumanisi esiyinhloko. i- sname , i- slink ne- spath yigama elijwayelekile, igama le-symlink kanye nokunye okuxhunyaniswa nenceku yesigqila, futhi isevisi igama lenye initscript ehambisanayo yokunye. QAPHELA: - umbhalo ongeyinketho ethize ye-Red Hat Linux. Izinketho Zero noma ngaphezulu - okukhethiwe, okulandelwa yizingxabano ezintathu, kungacaciswa.
Uma i-master symlink ecacile ikhona kakade kumarekhodi wesistimu yokunye, ulwazi olunikezwa luzofakwa njengesethi entsha yezinye izindlela zeqembu. Uma kungenjalo, iqembu elisha, elihlelwe kwimodi yokuzenzakalelayo, lizongezwa ngale lwazi. Uma iqembu limodi ezenzakalelayo, futhi izindlela zokuqala ezingeziwe ziphakeme kunanoma yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezifakiwe zeli qembu, ama-symlink azobuyekezwa ukuze akhombe izindlela ezintsha ezangeziwe.
Uma - isitifiketi isetshenzisiwe, uhlelo oluthile luzophatha i-initscript ehlobene nenye indlela nge- chkconfig, ukubhalisa nokungahambisani nombhalo wesitoreji kuye ngokuthi iyiphi enye into esebenzayo.
QAPHELA: - umbhalo ongeyinketho ethize ye-Red Hat Linux.
- vula igama lendlela
Susa okunye kanye nazo zonke izixhumanisi zenceku ezihambisanayo. igama igama egameni lokungena, futhi indlela igama eliphelele igama elizoxhunyaniswa ngalo. Uma igama lihlanganiswe ngempela endleleni , igama lizobuyekezwa ukuze libheke kwenye indawo ehlukile, noma isuswe uma kungekho okunye okusele kwesokunxele. Izixhumanisi zenceku ezihlanganisiwe zizobuyekezwa noma zisuswe, ngokufanayo. Uma ngabe isixhumanisi okwamanje asikhomba endleleni , akukho zixhumanisi eziguqulwayo; kuphela ulwazi mayelana nokunye okukhishwayo.
indlela yegama elihle
Isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso kanye nezigqila zegama lesigcawu sokuxhumanisa sibhekiswe kulabo abalungiselelwe indlela , futhi iqembu lokuxhumanisa lihlelwe kwimodi yomsebenzi. Le ndlela ayikho ekuqalisweni kokuqala kwe-Debian.
Igama le -auto
Shintshela igama le-master symlink kwimodi yokuzenzakalelayo. Kule nqubo, le symlink kanye nezigqila zayo zibuyekezwa ukukhomba ezinye izindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ezifakiwe.
- igama lokudlala
Bonisa ulwazi mayelana neqembu lokuxhumanisa liphi igama eliyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko. Ulwazi oluboniswa luhlanganisa imodi yeqembu (auto noma ibhukwana), okunye okwakushiwo yi-symlink okwamanje, yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezitholakalayo (nezindlela ezihambisana nazo zenceku), futhi okunye okungcono kakhulu okukhona okukhona okwamanje okufakiwe.
BONA FUTHI
ln (1), FHS, i-Filesystem Hierarchy Standard.
Okubalulekile: Sebenzisa umyalo womuntu ( % umuntu ) ukuze ubone ukuthi umyalo usetshenziswe kanjani kukhompyutha yakho ethile.