I-Linux / Unix umyalo insmod ifaka imodemu ephathekayo ku-kernel esebenzayo. i-insmod izama ukuxhumanisa imodemu ku-kernel esebenzayo ngokuxazulula zonke izimpawu ezivela etafuleni lendatshana le-kernel lokuthumela .
Uma igama lefayela le module likhishwa ngaphandle kwamarekhodi noma isandiso, i- insmod izosesha imodemu kwezinye izinkomba ezizenzakalelayo ezijwayelekile. Ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo iMODPATH kungasetshenziselwa ukudlula lokhu okuzenzakalelayo. Uma ifayela lokumisa imodemu njenge /etc/modules.conf likhona, lizoqeda izindlela ezichazwe ku- MODPATH .
Ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwe- MODULECONF kungasetshenziswa futhi ukukhetha ifayela elihlukile lokumisa kusuka ku-default /etc/modules.conf (noma /etc/conf.modules ( ilahlekile )). Lokhuhlukahluka kwemvelo kuzodlula zonke izincazelo ezingenhla.
Lapho imvelo eguquguqukayo UNAME_MACHINE isethiwe, i-modutils izosebenzisa inani layo esikhundleni sensimu yomshini kusuka ku-uname () syscall. Lokhu kusetshenziswe kakhulu uma uqoqa amamojula angu-64-bit ku-32-bit isikhala somsebenzisi noma ngokuphambene nalokho, setha u- UNAME_MACHINE uhlobo lwamamojula. Amamodeli wamanje awasekeli imodi yokuzakhela egcwele yama-modules, kunqunyelwe ukukhetha phakathi kwezinkomba ezingu-32- no-64-bit zezakhiwo zokwakha.
Izinketho
-e persist_name , --persist = persist_name
Icacisa lapho noma iyiphi idatha eqhubekayo ye-module ifundwa kusuka ekulayisheni futhi ibhalelwe lapho lokhu kuqinisekiswa kwe-module kulayishwa. Lolu khetho lubekwe eceleni uma imodemu ingenayo idatha ephikisayo. Idatha eqhubekayo ifundwa kuphela yi- insmod uma le ndlela ikhona, ngokuzenzakalelayo i- insmod ayisebenzisi idatha ephikisayo.
Njengendlela efushane , -e "" (inhlamvu engenalutho) ihunyushwa yi- insmod njengenani lokuphikelela njengoba kuchazwe kumamodules.conf , ilandelwa igama lomsebenzisi le-module ehlobene nomzila wokucinga wamatholampilo owawutholakala kuyo, ususe noma yikuphi ukulandelela ".gz", ".o" noma ".mod". Uma i- modules.conf icacisa " okuqhubekayo = " (okungukuthi ukuphikelela kuyinkambu engenalutho) bese le fomu elifushane lihlehlisiwe. (Bheka amamojula.conf (5).)
-f , - ukusebenza
Ukuzama ukulayisha imodemu ngisho noma inguqulo ye-kernel esebenzayo kanye ne-version ye-kernel lapho i-module ihlanganisiwe ayifani. Lokhu kuphela kunqamulela isheke se-kernel version, asinamthelela ekuhlolweni kwegama lesimboli. Uma amagama ephawulekayo kumodemu awahambisani ne-kernel ngakho-ke akukho ndlela yokuphoqelela i- insmod ukulayisha imodemu.
-h , --help
Bonisa isifinyezo sezinketho bese uphuma ngokushesha.
-k , --autoclean
Setha ifulegi elihlanzekile ngokuzenzakalelayo kumoduli. Leli flamende lizosetshenziselwa i- kerneld (8) ukususa amamojula awazange asetshenziswe esikhathini esithile - ngokuvamile umzuzu owodwa.
-L , ukuvula
Sebenzisa umhlambi (2) ukuvimbela imithwalo yesikhathi esifanayo.
-m , -map
Ukukhipha imephu yokulayisha ku-stdout, okwenza kube lula ukukhipha imoduli uma kwenzeka ukwesaba kwe-kernel.
-n , - ungalokothi ulayishe
Ukugijimela, yenza konke ngaphandle kokulayisha umthamo ku-kernel. Uma uceliwe yi-- m noma -O , ukugijima kuzokhiqiza imephu noma ifayela lokuvimba. Njengoba umthamo awulayishiwe, ikheli langempela lokulayisha i-kernel alingaziwa ngakho ibalazwe ne-blob ifayela isekelwe ikheli lokulayisha elingenalutho le-0x12340000.
-o module_name , --name = module_name
Qamba ngokuqondile igama le module, kunokuba uthole igama egameni lesisekelo sefayili yento yomthombo.
-O blob_name , --blob = blob_name
Londoloza into ebunambambili ku- blob_name . Umphumela uba ibhanari kanambambili (azikho izihloko ze-ELF) ezibonisa ngokuqondile lokho okulayishiwe ku-kernel ngemuva kwesigaba sokuxhaphazwa nokuthutha. Inketho -m Kunconywa ukuthola imephu yento.
-p , - ngaphandle
Phinda uhlole le module ukuze ubone ukuthi ingalayishwa ngempumelelo . Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukufaka ifayela lezinto kumzila wezimoduli, ukuhlola izinombolo zenguqulo, nokuxazulula izimpawu. Awuhlolisisi ukuthutha futhi akhiqizi imephu noma ifayela lokuvimba.
Isiqalo -PP , --prefix = isiqalo
Lolu khetho lungasetshenziswa ngamamojula aguquliwe we-SMP noma i-bigmem kernel, ngoba amamojula anjalo anesiqalo esingeziwe esingeziwe ngamagama azo. Uma i-kernel yakhelwe ngezinguquko ze-symbol ke i- insmod izokhipha ngokuzenzakalelayo isiqalo kusukela kuncazelo ethi "get_module_symbol" noma "inter_module_get", okunye okumele kube khona kunoma iyiphi i-kernel esekela amamojula. Uma i-kernel ingenayo izinguqulo zomsindo kodwa imodeli yakhiwe ngezinguquko zamatshwayo umsebenzisi kumele anikeze -P .
-q , i- quiet
Ungaphrinta uhlu kwanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingaxazululwa. Ungakhononda mayelana nokungahambisani kwe-version. Inkinga izobonakala kuphela ekuphumeni kwesimo se- insmod .
-r , - impande
Abanye abasebenzisi bahlanganisa amamojula ngaphansi komsebenzisi ongenazimpande bese ufaka amamojula njengengcambu. Le nqubo ingashiya amamojula anomnikazi womsebenzisi ongenazimpande, yize iziqondisi zamamoduli zinezimpande. Uma umsebenzisi ongenazimpande ehlehlisiwe, i-intruder ingakwazi ukubhala amamojula akhona ayenayo yowomsebenzisi futhi isebenzise lokhu kuvezwa ukuze i-bootstrap kuze kufike ekufinyeleleni kwezimpande.
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ama-modutils azokwenqaba imizamo yokusebenzisa i-module engenazo izimpande. Ukucacisa -r kuzoshintsha isheke bese kuvumela izimpande ukuthi zilayishe amamojula angenazo izimpande. Qaphela: inani elizenzakalelayo lokuhlola isitshalo lingashintshwa lapho ukulungiswa kwe-modutils kulungiselelwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ukuvimbela ukuhlolwa kwezimpande noma ukusetha okuzenzakalelayo ukuthi "akukho isheke sempande" ngesikhathi sokumisa ukubonakala okukhulu kokuvikeleka futhi akunconywa.
-s , - syslog
Khipha konke ku- syslog (3) esikhundleni se-terminal.
-S , --kallsyms
Qinisekisa imodemu elayishiwe ukuthi ube nedatha ye- kallsyms , noma ngabe i-kernel ayisekeli. Lokhu kukwenzelwe izinhlelo ezincane lapho i-kernel ilayishwa ngaphandle kwedatha ye- kallsyms kodwa amamojula akhethiwe adinga i- kallsyms yokulungisa iphutha. Lokhu kukhetha okuzenzakalelayo ku-Red Hat Linux.
-v , - ukuphikisa
Be verbose.
-V , --version
Bonisa inguqulo ye- insmod .
-X , - Export ; -x , - hhayiexport
Yenza futhi ungathumeli zonke izimpawu zangaphandle ze-module, ngokulandelana. Okuzenzakalelayo kungukuthi izimpawu zokuthunyelwa. Lolu khetho lusebenza kuphela uma i-module ingathumele ngokucacile ithebula layo elilawulwayo lombhalo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela liyanqatshwa.
-Y , --ksymoops ; -y , - noksymoops
Yenza futhi ungangezi ksymoops izimpawu ku-ksyms. Lezi zimpawu zisetshenziswe ngu- ksymoops ukunikeza ukulungiswa okungcono uma kukhona i-Oops kule module. Okuzenzakalelayo ukuthi izimpawu ze- ksymoops zichazwe. Lolu khetho luzimele ezikhethwa yi -X / -x .
I-ksymoops izimpawu zengeza cishe u-260 bytes nge-module elayishiwe. Ngaphandle kokuthi ufushane kakhulu esikhaleni se-kernel futhi uzama ukunciphisa ama-ksyms ebukhulu bayo besayizi, thatha okuzenzakalelayo bese uthola okunembile kakhulu. Ama-ksymoops amatshwayo adingekayo ukuze agcine idatha eqhubekayo ye-module.
-N , - kuphela-kuphela
Hlola kuphela ingxenye yenombolo yenguqulo yamamenyu ngokumelene nenguqulo ye-kernel, okungukuthi ulaye i-EXTRAVERSION uma unquma ukuthi imodemu ingokwakhe. Leli flegi lihlelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-kernel 2.5 kuya phambili, likhethwa ngama-kernels angaphambili.
I-Module Parameters
Amanye amamojula amukela imingcele yesikhathi sokulayisha ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukusebenza kwawo. Lezi ziminganiso zivame ukuhamba nge-I / O kanye nezinombolo ze-IRQ ezihluka emshinini kuya kumshini futhi azikwazi ukunqunywa kusuka kwi-hardware.
Kwamamojula amakhelwe ama-kernels angu-2.0 ochungechunge, noma yikuphi uphawu lwe-pointer yenani eliphelele noma lomlingiswa lingaphathwa njengepharamitha futhi liguquliwe. Kusukela emaqenjini angu-2.1 ochungechunge, izimpawu zikhonjisiwe ngokucacile njengemingcele ukuze kuphela amanani athile kuphela angashintshwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, thayipha ulwazi olunikezwa ukuhlola amanani anikezwe ngesikhathi sokulayisha.
Uma kunjalo, zonke izindinganiso zingase zibe sesimademeni, octal noma hexadecimal la C: 17, 021 noma 0x11. Izici ezihlanganisiwe zilandelana ngokulandelana ezihlukaniswe ngama-commas. Izinto zinganqamuka ngokushiya inani.
Kumamojula angu-2.0 ochungechunge, amanani angaqali ngenombolo abhekwa njengezintambo. Kusukela ngo-2.1, ulwazi lohlobo lwepharamitha lubonisa ukuthi ukuhumusha inani njengezintambo. Uma inani liqala ngama-quotes amabili ( " ), ucingo luhunyushwa njengo-C, ukulandelana kokulandelana nakho konke. Qaphela ukuthi kusukela ku-promx shell, izingcaphuno ngokwayo zingadinga ukuvikelwa ekuchazeni kwegobolondo.
I-GPL Amamodeli Ayisensi Nezimpawu
Ukuqala nge-kernel 2.4.10, amamojula kufanele abe ne-string yelayisense, echazwe usebenzisa i- MODULE_LICENSE () . Izintambo eziningi zibonwa njengeGPL ehambisanayo; nanoma iyiphi enye ilayisensi yocingo noma ayikho ilayisensi nakanjani ukuthi le module iphathwe njenge-proprietary.
Uma i-kernel isekela i-flag / proc / sys / kernel / flagged flag bese i- insmod izobe noma i-flag ehlanjululwe ngo-'1 'lapho ilayisha imodemu ngaphandle kwelayisense ye-GPL. Isixwayiso sikhishwa uma i-kernel isekela ukuthambisa futhi i-module ilayishwa ngaphandle kwelayisense. Isixwayiso sinikezwa njalo amamojula anomumo we- MODULE_LICENSE () ongeyona i-GPL, ngisho nasezintheni ezindala ezingasisekeli ukuthungatha. Lokhu kunciphisa izixwayiso lapho kusetshenziswa amamojula amasha kuma-kernels amadala.
I-insmod -f (force) imodi izoba noma i-flag ehlanjululwe nge- '2 'emaqenjini asekela ukuthungula. Ihlale inika isixwayiso ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Abanye abathuthukisi be-kernel badinga ukuthi izimpawu ezithunyelwa ngekhodi yabo kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela ngamamojula anelayisense ehambisanayo ye-GPL. Lezi zimpawu zithunyelwa nge- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL esikhundleni se- EXPORT_SYMBOL evamile. Izimpawu ze-GPL kuphela ezithunyelwa nge-kernel nakwamanye amamojula zibonakala kuphela kumamojula anelayisensi ehambisanayo ye-GPL, lezi zimpawu zivela ku / proc / ksyms ngesibalo se- 'GPLONLY_ '. i-insmod igxile isiqalo se- GPLONLY_ kumatshwayo ngenkathi ilayisha i-module yelayisensi ye-GPL ngakho-ke imodemu ibhekisela egameni lesigqila elivamile, ngaphandle kwesiqalo. Izimpawu ze-GPL kuphela azenziwe zitholakale kumamojula ngaphandle kwelayisense ehambisanayo ye-GPL, lokhu kuhlanganisa amamojula angenayo ilayisensi nhlobo.
Usizo lwe-Ksymoops
Ukusiza nge-debugging kernel Esitheni uma usebenzisa amamojula, i- insmod ayifaki ukufaka ezinye izimpawu kuma-ksyms, bona i -Y inketho. Lezi zimpawu ziqala nge __insmod_modulename_ . I- modulename iyadingeka ukwenza izimpawu ziyingqayizivele. Kusemthethweni ukulayisha into efanayo ngaphezu kwesinye ngaphansi kwamagama wemodemu ehlukene. Okwamanje, izimpawu ezichazwe yizi:
__insmod_modulename_Oobjectfile_Mmtime_Vversion
igama elifakiwe igama lefayela ukuthi into elayishiwe kusuka. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-ksymoops ingafanisa ikhodi nesento esifanele. I-mtime yisitembu samadokhumenti sokugcina eshintshiwe kuleyo fayela ku-hex, zero uma isimo siphumelele. Inguqulo inguqulo ye-kernel eyayihlanganisiwe, -1 uma kungekho inguqulo etholakalayo. Isithonjana se- _ sinekheli elifanayo lokuqala njenge-header module.
__insmod_modulename_Ssectionname_Llength
Lo mfanekiso uvela ekuqaleni kwezingxenye ze-ELF ezikhethiwe, okwamanje .text, .rodata, .data, .bss kanye .sbss. Kubonakala kuphela uma lesi sigaba sinesayizi esingenayo i-zero. Igama lesigama igama lesigaba se-ELF, ubude ubude besigaba kudesimali. Lezi zimpawu zisiza amakheli amamephu ksymoops ezigabeni lapho kungekho khona izimpawu ezitholakalayo.
__insmod_modulename_Ppististent_filename
Kudalwa kuphela yi- insmod uma imodemu inemigomo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu emakwe njengedatha ephikisayo kanye negama lefayela ukugcina idatha ephikisayo (bheka -e , ngenhla) itholakala.
Enye inkinga nge-kernel yokulungisa iphutha Hlanganisa amamojula ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe / proc / ksyms kanye / proc / modules kungashintsha phakathi kwe-Oops nalapho uhlaziya ifayela logi. Ukuze usize ukunqoba le nkinga, uma isiqondisi / var / log / ksymoops ikhona ngaleso sikhathi i- insmod ne- rmmod izokopisha ngokuzenzakalelayo / proc / ksyms kanye / proc / modules kuya / var / log / ksymoops ngesibalo sokuthi 'usuku +% Y% m % d% H% M% S`. Umlawuli wesistimu angatshela ksymoops okufakela amafayili ukuwasebenzisa uma uphuthukisa i-Oops. Ayikho inkinobho yokukhubaza le khophi ezenzakalelayo. Uma ungafuni ukuthi kwenzeke, ungadala / var / log / ksymoops . Uma leyo ncazelo ikhona, kufanele ibe nempande ibe yimodi 644 noma 600 futhi kufanele usebenzise le script nsuku zonke noma kunjalo. Isikripthi esingezansi sifakwe njenge- insmod_ksymoops_clean .
Imininingwane eyisisekelo yokwazi
NAME
Faka i-module ye-kernel ephathekayo
SYNOPSIS
insmod [-fhkLmnpqrsSvVxXyYN] [-e persist_name ] [-o module_name ] [-O blob_name ] module [-P isiqalo ] [ uphawu = value ...]