Indlela Yokusebenzisa Linux Ukukopisha Amafayela Namafolda

Isingeniso

Le mhlahlandlela izokubonisa indlela yokukopisha amafayili namafolda kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwesinye usebenzisa abaphathi befayela abadwelayo kakhulu futhi nangokusebenzisa umugqa we-Linux umyalo.

Iningi labantu lizosetshenziswa ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okudweba ukukopisha amafayela kusuka kuma diski. Uma usetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa iWindows uzobe uqaphela ithuluzi elibizwa nge-Windows Explorer elenza kube lula kakhulu.

I-Windows Explorer iyithuluzi eyaziwa ngokuthi imenenja yefayela ne-Linux inezinombolo ezahlukene zabaphathi befayela. Lowo ovela ohlelweni lwakho ngokuyinhloko kuncike kunguqulo yeLinux oyisebenzisayo futhi ngezinga elithile imvelo yedeskithophu oyisebenzisayo.

Abaphathi befayela abavame kakhulu kunjengoba:

• I-Nautilus (aka amafayela)
• I-Dolphin
• Thunar
• I-PCManFM
• Caja

Uma usebenzisa i- Ubuntu , i- Linux Mint , i- Zorin , i- Fedora noma ivuliweSUSE kungenzeka ukuthi imenenja yefayela yakho ibizwa nge-Nautilus.

Noma ubani oqhuba ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo yedeskithophu ye KDE cishe uzothola ukuthi i-Dolphin yiyona imenenja yefayela ezenzakalelayo. Ukusabalalisa okusebenzisa i-KDE kuhlanganisa i-Linux Mint KDE, Kubuntu, Korora, ne-KaOS.

Umphathi wefayela le-Thunar uyingxenye ye-XFCE imvelo yedeskithophu, i-PCManFM iyingxenye yemvelo yedeskithophu ye-LXDE ne-Caja iyingxenye yemvelo ye-MATE yedeskithophu.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa Nautilus Ukukopisha Amafayela Namafolda

I-Nautilus izotholakala ngemenyu ngaphakathi kwe-Linux Mint ne-Zorin noma izovela ku-Launcher yoMunye Ubuntu ngaphakathi kwe-Ubuntu noma ngokubuka kwedeshibhodi kunoma yikuphi ukusabalalisa usebenzisa i-GNOME efana ne-Fedora noma ivuliweSUSE.

Ukuze ukopishe ifayela uhambe ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwefayela ngokuchofoza kabili kumafolda uze ufinyelele kufayili oyifisa ukuyikopisha.

Ungasebenzisa imiyalo ejwayelekile yekhibhodi ukukopisha amafayela. Isibonelo ngokuchofoza efayeleni bese ucindezela i-CTRL no-C ndawonye kuthatha ikhophi yefayela. Ukucindezela i-CTRL ne-V kudlula ifayela endaweni oyikhetha ukukopisha ifayela kuye.

Uma unamathisela ifayela kufolda elifanayo bese lizoba negama elifanayo njengalokuqala ngaphandle kokuthi lizoba negama (ukukopisha) ekupheleni kwayo.

Ungaphinda ukopishe ifayela ngokuchofoza ngakwesokudla efayeleni bese ukhetha into yemenyu "yekhophi". Ungakhetha bese ufaka ifolda oyifisa ukuyifaka, ngokuchofoza ngakwesokudla bese ukhetha "unamathisele".

Enye indlela yokukopisha ifayela ukuchofoza ngakwesokudla efayeleni bese ukhetha okukhethwa kukho "ikhophi kuya". Iwindi elisha lizovela. Thola ifolda oyifisa ukukopisha ifayela bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "khetha".

Ungakopisha amafayela amaningi ngokubamba phansi ukhiye we-CTRL ngenkathi ukhetha ifayela ngalinye. Noma yiziphi izindlela zangaphambilini ezifana nokukhetha i-CTRL C noma ukhethe "ikhophi" noma "ukukopisha kuya" kumenyu yokuqukethwe kuyosebenza kuwo wonke amafayela akhethiwe.

Umyalo wekhophi usebenza kumafayela namafolda.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa i-Dolphin Ukukopisha Amafayela Namafolda

I-Dolphin ingasungulwa ngemenyu ye KDE.

Eziningi zezici ngaphakathi kweDolphin zifana noNautilus.

Ukuze ukopishe ifayela uqondise kufolda lapho ifayela lihlala khona ngokuchofoza kabili kumafolda uze ubone ifayela.

Sebenzisa inkinobho yegundane lesokunxele ukuze ukhethe ifayela noma usebenzise ukhiye we-CTRL nenki yegundane lesokunxele ukuze ukhethe amafayela amaningi.

Ungasebenzisa izinkinobho ze-CTRL no-C ukukopisha ifayela. Ukuze unamathisele ifayela khetha ifolda ukuze unamathele ifayela bese ucindezela i-CTRL no-V.

Uma ukhetha ukunamathisela kwifolda efanayo njengoba ifayela olikopishe iwindi libonakala licela ukuba ufake igama elisha lefayela elikopishiwe.

Ungaphinda ukopishe amafayela ngokuchofoza ngakwesokudla kubo bese ukhetha "Kopisha". Ukunamathisela ifayela ongakwesokudla uchofoze bese ukhetha "Namathisela".

Amafayela angaphinde akopishwe ngokuwadonsa kusuka kufolda eyodwa kuya kwenye. Uma wenza lokhu imenyu izovela ngezinketho ukuze ukopishe ifayela, xhumanisa ifayela noma uhambise ifayela.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa Thunar Ukukopisha Amafayela Namafolda

Umphathi wefayela we-Thunar angasungulwa kusuka kwimenyu ngaphakathi kwendawo yedeskithophu ye-XFCE.

NjengeNautilus neDolphin, ungakhetha ifayela ngegundane bese usebenzisa amakhiye we-CTRL neC ukuze ukopishe ifayela. Ungasebenzisa izinkinobho ze-CTRL ne-V ukuze unamathisele ifayela.

Uma unamathele ifayela kufolda efanayo njengalapho ifayela elikopishiwe ligcina igama elifanayo kodwa "likopishe" njengengxenye yegama layo ngendlela efanayo noNautilus.

Ungaphinda ukopishe ifayela ngokuchofoza kwesokudla efayeleni bese ukhetha okukhethwa kukho "ikhophi". Qaphela ukuthi i-Thunar ayifaki inketho ethi "ikhophi kuya".

Uma usukopishe ifayela ungayinamathisela ngokuya kufolda ukuze unamathisele. Manje mane uchofoze ngokuqondile bese ukhetha "unamathisele".

Ukudonsa ifayela kufolda ifaka ifayela kunokuyikopisha.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa PCManFM Ukukopisha Amafayela Namafolda

Umphathi wefayela we-PCManFM angasungulwa kusuka kwimenyu ngaphakathi kwendawo yedeskithophu ye-LXDE.

Lo mphathi wefayela usezingeni eliyisisekelo emigqeni yeThunar.

Ungakopisha amafayela ngokuwakhetha ngegundane. Ukuze ukopishe ifayela cindezela ikhi CTRL ne C ngesikhathi esisodwa noma chofoza ngakwesokudla efayeleni bese ukhetha "ikhophi" kwimenyu.

Ukuze unamathisele ifayela cindezela i-CTRL no-V kwifolda oyifisa ukukopisha ifayela kuye. Ungaphinda uchofoze ngakwesokudla bese ukhetha "unamathisele" kwimenyu.

Ukudonsa nokulahla ifayela akukopishi ifayela, kuyishukumisela.

Kukhona okukhethwa kukho uma uchofoza kwesokudla kwifayela elibizwa ngokuthi "indlela yokukopisha". Lokhu kuyasiza uma ufuna ukunamathisela i-URL yefayili kudokhumenti noma kumgqeni wokulalela nganoma yisiphi isizathu.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Caja To Copy Files And Folders

Ungathumela i-Caja kwimenyu ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-MATE yedeskithophu.

I-Caja injenge-Nautilus futhi isebenza okufanayo.

Ukuze ukopishe ifayela thole it ngokuhamba indlela yakho ngokusebenzisa amafolda. Chofoza kufayela bese ukhetha i-CTRL no-C ukuze ukopishe ifayela. Ungaphinda uchofoze ngakwesokudla bese ukhetha "ikhophi" kwimenyu.

Ukuze unamathisele ifayela uye endaweni lapho ufisa ukukukopisha khona ifayela bese ucindezela i-CTRL no-V. Ngaphandle kokuchofoza ngakwesokudla bese ukhetha "unamathisele" kwimenyu.

Uma unamathisela kufolda efanayo njengefayela lokuqala, ifayela lizoba negama elifanayo kodwa lizoba "(kopisha)" lihlanganisiwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwalo.

Ukuchofoza ngakwesokudla efayeleni kunika futhi inketho ebizwa ngokuthi "Kopisha". Lokhu akuyona ewusizo njengokhetho "lokukopisha kuya" ku-Nautilus. Ungakhetha kuphela ukukopisha kwideskithophu noma ifolda yasekhaya.

Ukubeka phansi ukhiye wokushiya efayeleni bese uyihudula kwifolda kuzobonisa imenyu ibuza ukuthi ufuna ukukopisha, ukuhambisa noma ukuxhumanisa ifayela.

Indlela Yokukopisha Ifayela Kusuka Kuyinye Incwadi Kuya Eminye Ukusebenzisa i-Linux

I-syntax yokukopisha ifayela kusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwesinye kanje:

cp / umthombo / indlela / igama / umgomo / indlela / igama

Isibonelo cabanga ukuthi unesakhiwo sefolda elandelayo:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • imibhalo
      • ifolda1
        • ifayela1
        • ifayela2
        • ifayela3
      • ifolda2
        • ifayela4

Uma ufuna ukukopisha ifayela1 kusuka endaweni yayo yamanje ku / ekhaya / imibhalo / ifolda1 kuya / ekhaya / imibhalo / ifolda2 bese uthayipha lokhu okulandelayo emgqeni wokulayela:

cp / ekhaya / gary / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1 / ikhaya / gary / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1

Kunezinqamuleli ezithile ongenza lapha.

Ingxenye yekhaya / indawo ingashintshwa yi-tilde (~) echazwe kulesi sihloko. Lokho kushintsha umyalo kulokhu

cp ~ / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1

Ungamane ulahle igama lefayili uma uhlose ukusebenzisa igama elifanayo lefayela

cp ~ / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2

Uma usuvele usefolda eliqondisiwe ungakwazi ukumane ubeke umzila wesikhombi ngokuyeka okuphelele.

cp ~ / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1.

Ngaphandle kwalokho uma usuvele usefolda yomthombo ungamane unikeze igama lefayela njengomsuka kanje:

cp ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2

Indlela Yokuthatha Isipele Ngaphambi Kokukopisha Amafayela Ku-Linux

Esikhathini sefolda yesigaba sangaphambilini1 iqukethe ifayela elibizwa ngokuthi ifayela1 nefolda2 alikho. Cabanga ukuthi ngabe ifolda2 yayinefayela elibizwa ngokuthi ifayela1 futhi ugijima umyalo olandelayo:

cp ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2

Umlayezo ongenhla uzokwandisa ifayela1 okwamanje kufolda 2. Azikho iziphakamiso, akukho isixwayiso futhi azikho amaphutha ngoba kuze kube seLinux ukhathazekile umyalelo ovumelekile.

Ungathatha izinyathelo zokuqapha lapho ukopisha amafayela ngokuthola i-Linux ukwakha isipele sefayela ngaphambi kokuba ibhale ngaphezulu. Vele usebenzise umyalo olandelayo:

cp -b / umthombo / ifayela / target / ifayela

Ngokwesibonelo:

cp -b ~ / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1

Kufolda yokuya khona kuyoba khona manje ifayela elikopishwe futhi kuzoba nefayela elinomshini (~) ekupheleni okuyisisekelo sokulondoloza ifayela lokuqala.

Ungashintsha umyalo wokusekelayo ukuze usebenze ngendlela ehlukile ukuze udale izipele zokubalwa. Ungase ufune ukwenza lokhu uma usuvele ukopishe amafayela ngaphambilini futhi ukusola okusolwa ukuthi sekukhona kakade. Kuyindlela yokulawula inguqulo.

cp --backup = ibalwa ~ / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1

Igama lefayili le-backups lizobe lihambisana nemigqa yefayela1. ~ 1 ~, ifayela1. ~ 2 ~ njll.

Indlela Yokukhuthaza Ngaphambi Kwamafayela Wokubhala Lapho Uwakopisha Ngokusebenzisa i-Linux

Uma ungafuni amakhophi e-backup amafayela alele nxazonke zesistimu yakho yefayela kodwa futhi ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umyalo wekhophi awubhali phansi ifayela ngokungakhethi ungathola ngokushesha ukubonisa ukuthi ufuna ukubhalela indawo.

Ukuze wenze lokhu sebenzisa i-syntax elandelayo:

cp -i / source / file / target / ifayela

Ngokwesibonelo:

cp -i ~ / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1

Umlayezo uzovela kanje: cp: overwrite './file1'?

Ukuze ubhale ngaphezulu ifayela cindezela u-Y ekhibhodi noma ukhansele u-N noma i-CTRL no-C ngasikhathi sinye.

Kwenzekani Uma Ukopela Izixhumanisi Ezifanekisayo E-Linux

Isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso sifana nesinqamuleli sedeskithophu. Okuqukethwe kwesixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso ikheli lefayela elibonakalayo.

Ngakho-ke ake ucabange ukuthi unesakhiwo sefolda esilandelayo:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • imibhalo
      • ifolda1
        • ifayela1
      • ifolda2
        • ifayela1 (izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso zikhomba kufolda1 / ifayela1)
      • ifolda3

Bheka umyalo olandelayo:

cp ~ / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda3 / ifayela1

Lokhu akumele kube okusha njengoba kukopisha ifayela lomzimba kusuka kufolda eyodwa kuya komunye.

Kwenzekani nokho uma ukopisha isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso kusuka kufolda2 kuya kwifolda3?

cp ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda3 / ifayela1

Ifayela elikopishiwe kwifolda3 akuyona isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso. Empeleni ifayela likhonjiswe yisixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso ngakho-ke uthola umphumela ofanayo ngokuthanda ukukopisha ifayela1 kusuka kufolda1.

Ngesinye isikhathi ungathola umphumela ofanayo ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

cp -H ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda3 / ifayela1

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi kukhona ukushintshwa okunye okuphoqa ngokuphelele ifayela ukuthi likopishwe hhayi isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso:

cp -L ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda3 / ifayela1

Uma ufuna ukukopisha isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso udinga ukucacisa umyalo olandelayo:

cp -d ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1 ~ / imibhalo / ifolda3 / ifayela1

Ukuphoqelela isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso sokukopishwa hhayi ifayela lomzimba besebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

cp -P ~ / imibhalo / ifolda2 / ifayela1 ~ imibhalo / ifolda3 / ifayela1

Indlela Yokwakha Ama-Hard Links Usebenzisa I-cp Command

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso nesixhumanisi esinzima?

Isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso siyinqamuleli efonini elingokwenyama. Ayinakho okungaphezu kwekheli efonini elingokwenyama.

Isixhumanisi esinzima kodwa ikakhulukazi isixhumanisi sefayela elifanayo ngokomzimba kodwa ngegama elihlukile. Kufana nesiteketiso. Kuyindlela enhle yokuhlela amafayela ngaphandle kokuthatha noma yimuphi isikhala sediski esengeziwe.

Le mhlahlandlela ikutshela konke okudingayo ukwazi ngezixhumanisi ezinzima .

Ungakha isixhumanisi esinzima usebenzisa umyalo we-cp kodwa ngingavame ukusekela ukusebenzisa umyalo we-ln.

cp -l ~ / source / file ~ / target / ifayela

Isibonelo sokuthi kungani ungasebenzisa isixhumanisi esinzima sicabange ukuthi unefolda ebizwa ngokuthi amavidiyo futhi kulawo mavidiyo ifolda unefayela elikhulu levidiyo elikhulu elibizwa ngokuthi honeymoon_video.mp4. Manje ake ucabange ukuthi ufuna nokuthi le vidiyo ibizwe ngokuthi i-barbados_video.mp4 ngoba nayo inemifanekiso yeBarbados lapho uqhube khona khona.

Ungamane ukopishe leli fayela bese ulinika igama elisha kodwa lokho kusho ukuthi uthatha kabili inani le disk isikhala ngalokho okuyividiyo efanayo.

Kungenzeka ukuthi udale isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso esibizwa ngokuthi i-barbados_video.mp4 ekhomba ifayela le-honeymoon_video.mp4. Lokhu kuzosebenza kahle kodwa uma othile esusiwe i-honeymoon_video.mp4 uzoshiywa ngesixhumanisi futhi akukho okunye futhi isixhumanisi sisathatha isikhala sedisk.

Uma udale isixhumanisi esinzima kodwa ungaba nefayela elingu-1 ngamagama wefayela 2. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi ziqukethe izinombolo ezahlukene ze-inode. (izihlungi eziyingqayizivele). Ukususa ifayela le-honeymoon_video.mp4 akususi ifayela kepha lihlehlisa inani lefayela nge-1. Ifayela lizosuswa kuphela uma zonke izixhumanisi zale fayela zisusiwe.

Ukwakha isixhumanisi ungenza into enjengale:

cp -l /videos/honeymoon_video.mp4 / amavidyo/barbados_video.mp4

Indlela Yokwenza Izixhumanisi Ezifanekisayo Ukusebenzisa I-cp Command

Uma ufuna ukwakha isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso kunesixhumanisi esinzima ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

cp -s / source / file / target / ifayela

Ngiphinde ngizisebenzise ngokujwayelekile umyalo we-ln -s kunalokho kodwa lokhu kusebenza futhi.

Indlela Yokukopisha Amafayela Nje Uma Asha

Uma ufuna ukukopisha amafolda kwifolda kodwa ubhale ngaphezulu amafayili okuphela uma ifayela lomthombo lisha bese ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

cp -u / source / ifayela / target / ifayela

Kumele uqaphele ukuthi uma ifayela lingekho ehlangothini elibhekiswe kulokho ikhophi izokwenzeka.

Indlela Yokukopisha Amafayela Ahlukahlukene

Unganikeza ifayela elingaphezu kwelilodwa lomthombo ngaphakathi komyalo wekhophi kanje:

cp / umthombo / ifayela1 / umthombo / ifayela2 / umthombo / ifayela3 / umgomo

Umyalo ongenhla uzokhipha ifayela1, ifayela2 nefayela3 kwifolda eqondisiwe.

Uma amafayela afana nephethini ethile, ungasebenzisa futhi i-wildcards kanje:

cp /home/gary/music/*.mp3 / ekhaya / gary / umculo2

Umyalo ongenhla uzokopisha wonke amafayela nge-extension.mp3 kuya kwifolda yomculo2.

Indlela Yokukopisha Amafolda

Ukukopisha amafolda kufana nokukopisha amafayela.

Isibonelo cabanga ukuthi unesakhiwo sefolda elandelayo:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • imibhalo
      • ifolda1
        • ifayela1
        • ifayela2
      • ifolda2

Cabanga ukuthi ufuna ukuhambisa ifolda ifolda1 ukuze iphile manje ngaphansi kwefolda 2 kanje:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • imibhalo
      • ifolda2
        • ifolda1
          • ifayela1
          • ifayela2

Ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

cp -r / home / gary / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ikhaya / gary / imibhalo / ifolda2

Ungasebenzisa futhi umyalo olandelayo:

cp -R / home / gary / imibhalo / ifolda1 / ikhaya / gary / imibhalo / ifolda2

Leli khophi okuqukethwe kwefolda1 kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkomba ezincane kanye namafayela ngaphakathi kwezinkomba ezincane.

Isifingqo

Lo mhlahlandlela unikeze okuningi kwamathuluzi owadinga ukukopisha amafayela azungeze ngaphakathi kwe-Linux. Konke okunye ungasebenzisa umyalo womuntu we-Linux .

indoda cp