Isingeniso
Umthombo manje usuhamba ngokugcwele (naphezu kweqhwa lapha enyakatho yeScotland) futhi lokho kungasho into eyodwa kuphela, inguqulo yakamuva ye-Ubuntu ikhishwe.
Kulesi sibuyekezo ngizobe ngigcizelela izici ezinkulu zobuntu kulabo abangakaze basebenzise Ubuntu ngaphambili.
Ngizophinde ngiqokomise izici ezintsha ezitholakala ku-Ubuntu 15.04.
Ekugcineni kuzobukeka ezinye zezindaba ezaziwayo.
Indlela Yokuthola Ubuntu 15.04
Uma usanda ku-Ubuntu ungalanda inguqulo yakamuva kusuka ku-http: //www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop.
Ikhasi lokulanda lixwayisa abasebenzisi abaningi ukulanda ukukhululwa okungu-14.04.2 okuyinto ukukhululwa kwenkxaso yesikhathi eside futhi lokhu kuyinto engizofika kamuva ekubuyekezeni.
Inguqulo yakamuva ngu-15.04 futhi ingalandwa ngokupheqa phansi kwekhasi kancane.
Qaphela ukuthi ungalanda izinhlelo ezingu-32-bit noma ezingu-64-bit ze-Ubuntu. Uma uhlela ukwenza i-boot nge-Windows 8.1, uzodinga inguqulo engu-64-bit. Iningi lamakhompiyutha lanamuhla manje seli-64-bit.
Indlela Yokuzama Ubuntu 15.04
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindlela zokuzama ubuntu ngaphandle kokuphazamisa uhlelo lokusebenza okwamanje olusebenzayo.
Isibonelo lapha ezinye zezindlela zokuzama Ubuntu:
- Dala ibhulogi ye-Ubuntu 15.04 ye-USB bootable
- Zama Ububuntu njengomshini oqobo usebenzisa i-Oracle Virtualbox
- Zama Ububuntu njengomshini oqobo usebenzisa i-GNOME Boxes
Indlela Yokufaka Ubuntu 15.04 (noma i-14.04.2)
Ngemuva kokulanda i-Ubuntu 15.04 ISO (noma 14.04.2) landela lo mhlahlandlela ukuze udale idrayivu ye-Ubuntu 15.04 ye-USB ebanzi .
Manje usungena esikhundleni sesistimu yakho yokusebenza yamanje nge-Ubuntu usebenzisa amadokhumenti esemthethweni ngokuchofoza kulesi sixhumanisi noma ngokuchofoza lapha ukuze ubhuqe Ubuntu 15.04 nge-Windows 7 noma uchofoze lapha ku-Boot Ubuntu 15.04 nge-Windows 8.1 .
Indlela Yokuthuthukiswa Ku-Version Yangaphambili Ye-Ubuntu
Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole i-athikili ekhombisa indlela yokuthuthukisa inguqulo yakho yamanje ye-Ubuntu kuya ku-15.04.
Uma usebenzisa Ubuntu 14.04 uzodinga ukuthuthukiswa ku-Ubuntu 14.10 kuqala bese uphinde uthuthukise ku-Ubuntu 15.04.
Ukuqala kokuqala
Ukubonakala kwakho kokuqala kobuBuntu uma ungakaze uyisebenzise ngaphambilini kungase kuxhomeke kwisistimu yokusebenza okwamanje usebenzisa.
Uma okwamanje usebenzisa i-Windows 7 khona-ke uzobona ukuthi isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi ku-Ubuntu sihluke kakhulu futhi nakanjani sesimanje kakhulu.
Abasebenzisi be-Windows 8.1 bayozizwa bebajwayele kakhulu futhi bangase bamangale ngempela ukuthi ideskithophu yobumbano ehambisana no-Ubuntu isebenze kangcono kakhulu kune-Windows 8.1 desktop.
Ideskithophu ye-Ubuntu ye-Unity inehlu lwezimpawu kwibha phansi kwesokunxele kwesikrini esibizwa ngokuthi isiqalisi. Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole umhlahlandlela ophelele kumsunguli we-Ubuntu .
Phezulu kwesikrini kukhona iphaneli eyodwa enezithonjana ngakwesokudla. Izithombe ezisuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla zikuvumela ukuthi wenze lokhu okulandelayo:
- Setha ukuxhumana kwe-intanethi
- Lungisa izilungiselelo zolimi
- Setha i-bluetooth
- Lungisa izilungiselelo zamandla
- Lungisa izilungiselelo zomsindo
- Buka ikhalenda / isikhathi
- Lungisa izilungiselelo zesistimu, shintsha abasebenzisi, ukuvala ukuvala njll
Ubuntu kanye no-Unity ngokuqondile ukunikeza ukuhamba okusheshayo nokuhlanganiswa okunamandla kwezicelo ngedeskithophu.
Isiqalisi ngokusobala siwusizo ngokuvula izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezifana nesiphequluli sewebhu se-Firefox, i-LibreOffice Suite ne-Software Center.
Kuzo zonke izinto uzodinga ukusebenzisa i-Dash nendlela elula yokuhamba ngeDash ukusebenzisa izinqamuleli zekhibhodi. Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole umhlahlandlela we-Unity Dash .
Ukuze sikusize ngokufunda izinqamuleli zekhibhodi kunesici esilungile esingasithola ngokubamba ukhiye omkhulu (i-Windows key) ekhibhodi yakho imizuzwana embalwa.
Ideshibhodi
I-Dash inemibono eminingi eyehlukene ekhona eyaziwa ngokuthi i-lens. Uma ubheka ngezansi kwesikrini kunezithonjana ezincane ezisetshenziselwa ukubonisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zolwazi ngale ndlela:
- Ikhaya - Isifinyezo sezinhlelo ezahlukene namafayela asetshenziswe kamuva njll
- Izicelo - Indlela yokubuka zonke izicelo ohlelweni nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo
- Amafayela & Amafolda - Buka futhi ufune amafayela namafolda kwikhompyutha yakho
- Umculo - Khetha kumaculo nama-albhamu kwikhompyutha yakho noma kuwebhu
- Amavidiyo - Khetha kusuka kumavidiyo kwikhompyutha yakho noma kuwebhu
- Izithombe - Buka izithombe
Phakathi nombono ngamunye kukhona imiphumela yendawo nemiphumela ye-intanethi kanye nokubukwa okuningi kunesihlungi. Isibonelo uma usemoleni womculo ungahlunga nge-albhamu, umculi, uhlobo kanye neshumi.
I-dash ngokuyinhloko yenza kube lula ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi ngaphandle kokuthi uvule uhlelo lokusebenza.
Ukuxhuma Ku-Inthanethi
Ukuxhuma kwi-intanethi chofoza kwisithonjana esimaphakathi senethiwekhi ekhoneni eliphezulu ngakwesokudla njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni bese ukhetha inethiwekhi ofuna ukuyixhuma.
Uma uxhuma kwinethiwekhi ephephile uzocelwa ukuba ufake ukhiye wokuphepha. Kumelwe wenze lokhu kuphela, kuzokukhunjulwa ngesikhathi esizayo.
Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole umhlahlandlela ogcwele wokuxhuma kwi-intanethi nge-Ubuntu
I-MP3 Audio, i-Flash ne-Proprietary Okubalulekile
Njengezinsalela eziningi ezinkulu kufanele ufake amaphakheji engeziwe ukuze udlale amafayela e-MP3 futhi ubukele amavidiyo we-Flash.
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa ucelwa ukuthi ubheke ibhokisi ukuze ukwazi ukudlala amafayela e-MP3 kodwa uma ungakwenzi lokho konke akulahlekile.
Kukhona iphakheji ngaphakathi kwe-Ubuntu Software Center ebizwa ngokuthi "Ubuntu Okungavunyelwe Okungeziwe" okukunikeza konke okudingayo.
Ngeshwa ukufaka iphakheji le- "Ubuntu Okukhawulelwe Okungeziwe" kusuka ngaphakathi kwe-Ubuntu Software Center kunesici esikhulu. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa ibhokisi lokumamukela ilayisense kufanele livele ngokusebenzisa amafonti e-TrueType e-Microsoft.
Ngezinye izikhathi ibhokisi lokumamukela ilayisensi livela ngemuva kweWindows Center window. Ungakwazi ukufinyelela ebhokisini ngokuchofoza "?" isithonjana kusiqalisi.
Okubi kakhulu nakakhulu ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi umyalezo wokwamukela awubonakali nhlobo.
Ukuthembeka ukuthi indlela elula yokufaka iphakheji elithi "Ubuntu Okunciphiselwe Okungeziwe" ukusebenzisa i-terminal.
Ukwenza kanjalo uvule iwindi lokuphela (Cindezela i-Ctrl - Alt-T konke ngesikhathi esisodwa) bese ufaka imiyalo elandelayo efasiteleni elivela:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get ukufaka ubuntu-okukhawulelwe-okungeziwe
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwephakheji ibhokisi lelayisense lizovela. Cindezela ukhiye wethebhu ukhethe inkinobho ethi "Kulungile" bese ucindezela u-enter ukuze uqhubeke.
Izicelo
Kulabo abakhathazeka ukuthi Ubuntu kungenzeka ukuthi awunayo izicelo ozijwayele ngeWindows akudingeki ukhathazeke nhlobo.
Ubuntu unakho konke okudingayo ukuze uqalise kufaka phakathi isiphequluli sewebhu, i-ofisi suite, iklayenti le-imeyli, amaklayenti wengxoxo, isidlali somsindo nesidlali semidiya.
Izicelo ezifakiwe zifaka phakathi kepha azikhawulelwanga okulandelayo:
- I-Aisleriot Solitaire - Umdlalo weKhadi
- I-Brasero - I-Disk Burning Software
- I-FireFox - Isiphequluli sewebhu / Ubuntu Web Browser
- I-Calculator
- Ushizi - I-Webcam Viewer
- Ukwabelana ngedeskithophu
- Umbonisi weDokhumenti
- Uzwela - Ukuthumela okusheshayo
- Amafayela - Imenenja yefayela
- Umbukeli wesithombe
- I-LibreOffice - I-Office Suite
- Mahjongg - Game
- Amaminithi - I-Minesweeper
- I-Remmina - Iklayenti Lesilawuli kude sedeskithophu
- Rhythmbox - Umsindo Womsindo ( Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole umhlahlandlela ogcwele )
- Isithombe-skrini - Screencapturing
- Shotwell - Umphathi Wezithombe
- I-Sudoku - Igeyimu
- Thunderbird - I-imeyili iKlayenti
- Umhleli Wezithombe
- Ukudluliselwa - iKlayenti yeBittorrent
Ukufaka izicelo
Uma uhlobo lwesicelo oludingayo alufakiwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngakho-ke kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi luyatholakala kwi-Ubuntu Software Center.
Uma ufuna nje ukuphequlula ungachofoza ezigabeni ezihlukene futhi ubukeke kahle kodwa ikakhulukazi uzofuna ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokusesha ukucinga ngegama elingukhiye noma isihloko.
I-Software Ubuntu Software iyakuthuthukisa futhi impela imbuyisela imiphumela engaphezulu kunayo ngaphambili kodwa isenza izinto ezithile ezicasulayo.
Isibonelo uma ufuna ukufaka u-Steam ungacabanga ukuthi uyasifuna kwi-Software Center. Ngokuqinisekile kukhona ukungena kwe-Steam nencazelo. Ukuchofoza kule ncazelo kuthi isofthiwe ayikho emakhompiyutha akho.
Manje chofoza umcibisholo eduze "Yonke Isofthiwe" phezulu futhi ukhethe "Okunikeziwe Ubuntu". Uhlu olusha lwemiphumela lubonakala nenketho ye "Valve Steam Delivery System". Ukufaka le phakheji kukuthola iklayenti le-Steam.
Kungani "yonke i-Software" ingasho yonke i-Software?
Izici ezintsha ku-Ubuntu 15.04
Ubuntu 15.04 inezici ezintsha ezilandelayo:
- I-Linux Kernel 3.19 - Inguqulo esheshayo yakamuva
- Systemd ithatha indawo ye-Upstart init system
- Ubunye 7.3 unokhetho olusha lokumisa ukuba nemenyu iboniswe ngaso sonke isikhathi kunokuba nje i-mouseover, unike amandla i-Dash, i-HUD kanye nezikrini zokungena ukuze zivele ngaphezulu kwezicelo zesikrini esigcwele, imidwebo yezingqikithi
- Izinguquko ezihlukahlukene ze-Compiz ezifaka izibuyekezo ezithile ze-NVidia, ukusekelwa okugcwele okuhlangene kwe-MATE, ukuvuselelwa kwe-GTK-Window-Decorator
- I-Firefox 37, i-Chromium 41
- I-platform ye-GNOME ngokuyinhloko isekelwe ku-version 3.14 ne-QT ku-version 5.4
- I-Pulseaudio ibuyekeziwe ku-version 6
Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole amanothi ekhululiwe
Izinkinga ezaziwayo
Okulandelayo kuyinkinga eyaziwa ngaphakathi ku-Ubuntu 15.04:
- Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-USB-Creator ngo-14.04 (noma ngaphezulu) ukudala ama-Ubuntu amashayeli wezinguqulo ezingu-14.10 nakamuva
- I-Virtualbox - Ngemva kokufaka ukusatshalaliswa usebenzisa i-Virtualbox i-DVD izokhipha kodwa awukwazi ukucindezela ukungena ukuze uqalise kabusha
- Ukwakha izingxenye zomkhuba ngenkathi ufaka kwi disk engenalutho uphonsela umlayezo "Ukuqinisa i-UEFI Ukufaka?" Lokhu akulimazi futhi kunganakwa.
Ubuntu 14.04 Versus Ubuntu 14.10 Ngokubambisana Ubuntu 15.04
Iyiphi inguqulo yeBuntu okufanele uyikhethe?
Uma ungumsebenzisi omusha futhi ufaka Ubuntu okokuqala kungase kube ukuhlakanipha ukufaka Ubuntu 14.04 njengoba kunemininingwane emihlanu yokusekela futhi ngeke kudingeke uthuthuke njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-9.
Uma usebenzisa Ubuntu 14.10 okwamanje kuzomele kuthuthukiswe kusuka Ubuntu 14.10 kuya Ubuntu 15.04 ukuze uhlale usekelwa.
Asikho isizathu sokufaka Ubuntu 14.10 njengendlela yokufaka okusha. Nokho uzodinga ukuthuthukiswa kusuka ku-Ubuntu 14.04 kuya ku-Ubuntu 14.10 ukuze uthuthuke futhi ku-Ubuntu 15.04 uma ufisa ukuhamba kusuka ku-Ubuntu 14.04 kuya ku-Ubuntu 15.04. Okunye ukusekela amafayela akho abalulekile nokufaka kabusha Ubuntu 15.04 kusukela ekuqaleni.
U-Ubuntu 15.04 ngokuyinhloko ukukhululwa kwegciwane nokuthuthukiswa okuncane. Akukho okusha okumelwe kube khona. Uhlelo lokusebenza lusezingeni elizinzile ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ngakho-ke ukugcizelelwa nakanjani ukuguquguquka phezu kwezinguquko.
Ubumfihlo
Abasebenzisi abasha ku-Ubuntu kufanele bazi ukuthi imiphumela yokusesha ngaphakathi kwe-Unity dash ihlanganisa izikhangiso ze-Amazon imikhiqizo nesivumelwano selayisensi ye-Ubuntu sithi imiphumela yakho yokusesha izosetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo enikezwa yona. Ngokuyisisekelo kufana nokukhomba imiphumela ye-Google ngokusekelwe ekusesheni kwangaphambilini.
Ungavala lesi sici bese ushiya imiphumela ye-intanethi kusuka ngaphakathi kweDash.
Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole inqubomgomo yobumfihlo ephelele
Isifingqo
Ngangihlale ngingumdlali wobuntu kodwa kunezinto ezithile ezingabonakali ziba ngcono. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Software Center. Kungani kungabi khona nje ukubuyisela yonke imiphumela kuzo zonke izindawo zokugcina ezikhethiwe. Inkinobho ithi "Yonke imiphumela", buyisela yonke imiphumela.
Amavidiyo lensi ayinaso isihlungi. Kwangivumela ukuthi ngikhethe imithombo yevidiyo engxenyeni ye-inthanethi ukuze ngifunde kodwa eseye.
Iphakheji elithi "Ubuntu Okunciphiselwe Okungeziwe" kubaluleke kakhulu kodwa kukhona i-glitch eyisisekelo esinesivumelwane selayisensi noma ukufihla ngemuva kwesikhungo se-software noma ukungabonakali nhlobo.
Ideskithophu ye-Unity iye yaba ukukhanya okukhanyayo uma kuziwa kuzidakamizwa zanamuhla eminyakeni embalwa edlule kodwa ngingathi i-GNOME ideskithophu manje ingcono kakhulu uma uhlanganisa i-GNOME Music ne-GNOME Video.
Ngiphinde ngibuyekeze i-openSUSE ne-Fedora muva nje futhi angikwazi ukwethembeka ngobuqotho ukuthi Ubuntu ingcono kunazo zonke zazo.
Into eyodwa Ubuntu inamaphesenti angu-100 ngokulungile yi-installer. Kuyinto elula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ephelele kunazo zonke izifaki engizame.
Ngivumele ngibe sobala. Le nguqulo ye-Ubuntu ayikho embi, akukho lutho olusetshenziswa ngabasebenzisi be-Ubuntu olungajabulisi kodwa kunamaphethelo anele angakwazi ukubeka abasebenzisi abangcono.
Ubuntu isisodwa sezibani ezikhanyayo zeLinux futhi nakanjani kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi ungumuntu oqala noma oqeqeshiwe.
Ukufunda Okuqhubekayo
Emva kokufaka Ubuntu hlola umhlahlandlela olandelayo: