Incazelo yekheli le-IP loopback / indawo yangakini
Ikheli le-IP 127.0.0.1 likheli elikhethekile le-IPv4 elibizwa ngokuthi i- localhost noma ikheli loopback . Wonke amakhompiyutha asebenzisa le kheli njengeyakhe kodwa awavumeli ukuthi axhumane namanye amadivaysi afana nekheli langempela le-IP.
Ikhompiyutha yakho ingahle ibe ne-192.168.1.115 ikheli le-IP elizimele elinikezwe yona ukuze likwazi ukuxhumana nomzila kanye namanye amadivaysi anethiwekhi. Kodwa-ke, kusenayo ikheli elikhethekile le-127.0.0.1 elixhunywe kuyo ukuze lisho "le khompyutha," noma lowo okwamanje.
Ikheli loopback lisetshenziselwa kuphela ikhompuyutha oyikho, kanye nezimo ezikhethekile kuphela. Lokhu akufani nekheli le-IP evamile elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisela amafayela kuye nakwezinye izinsiza ezixhunyiwe.
Isibonelo, isiphakeli sewebhu esisebenza kukhompyutha singakhomba ku 127.0.0.1 ukuze amakhasi asebenze ngaphakathi futhi ahlolwe ngaphambi kokuba asetshenziswe.
I-127.0.0.1 Isebenza kanjani
Yonke imilayezo eyenziwe yi-software ye- TCP / IP iqukethe amakheli e-IP kubamukeli abahlosiwe; I-TCP / IP ibona 127.0.0.1 njengekheli elikhethekile le-IP. I- protocol ihlola umlayezo ngamunye ngaphambi kokuyithumela kwinethiwekhi engokwenyama bese ivuselela ngokuzenzakalelayo noma yimiphi imilayezo ene-127.0.0.1 emuva kokugcina kokuthola isitaki se-TCP / IP.
Ukuze uthuthukise ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, i-TCP / IP iphinda ihlole imilayezo engenayo efika kuma-routers noma amanye amasango enethiwekhi futhi ilahle noma yikuphi okuqukethe amakheli e-IP e-loopback. Lokhu kuvimbela umhlaseli wenethiwekhi ekungcoleni ithrafikhi yabo yenethiwekhi enonya njengoba evela ekhelini le-loopback.
Isofthiwe yesicelo ngokuvamile isebenzisa lesi sici se-loopback ngezinhloso zokuhlola zendawo. Imilayezo ethunyelwe kumakheli e-IP e-loopback afana ne-127.0.0.1 angafinyeleli ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yendawo yendawo (LAN) kodwa kunalokho ihanjiswa ngqo ku-TCP / IP futhi ithola imigqa njengokungathi ifike emithonjeni engaphandle.
Imilayezo ye-Loopback iqukethe inamba yesiphakamiso sokufika ngaphandle kwekheli. Izicelo zingasebenzisa lezi zinombolo ze-port ukuze zihlukanise imilayezo yokuhlola zibe ngezigaba eziningi.
I-Localhost nekheli le-IPv6 Loopback
Igama lehosthost libuye linencazelo ekhethekile ekuxhumaneni kwenethiwekhi okusetshenziselwa ngokuhlanganyela ne-127.0.0.1. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zekhompyutha zigcina ukungena emafayeleni abo abathintekayo ezihlanganisa igama ngekheli loopback, okuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuba zenze imilayezo ye-loopback ngegama esikhundleni senombolo engenayo.
IProsoft Protocol v6 (IPv6) isebenzisa umqondo ofanayo wekheli loopback njenge-IPv4. Esikhundleni se-127.0.0.01, i-IPv6 imelela ikheli layo loopback njengoba nje :: 1 (0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0001) futhi, ngokungafani ne-IPv4, ayinikeli uhlu lwamakheli ngale njongo.
127.0.0.1 ngokunye namanye amakheli e-IP akhethekile
I-IPv4 igcina wonke amakheli phakathi kuka-127.0.0.0 kuze kufike ku 127.255.255.255 ukuze kusetshenziswe ukuhlolwa kwe-loopback, nakuba i-127.0.0.1 ingukuthi (ngomhlangano wamlando) ikheli loopback elisetshenziswe cishe kuwo wonke amacala.
127.0.0.1 namanye amakheli enethiwekhi angu-127.0.0.0 ayengekho kunoma iyiphi yamakheli ekheli le-IP elizimele elichazwe ku-IPv4. Amakheli ngabanye kulawo mabala angasese anganikezelwa kumadivayisi enethiwekhi yasendaweni futhi asetshenziselwe ukuxhumana phakathi kwedivayisi, kanti i-127.0.0.1 ayikwazi.
Labo abafunda i-computer networking ngezinye izikhathi badidanisa 127.0.0.1 ngekheli 0.0.0.0 . Ngenkathi zombili zinezincazelo ezikhethekile ku-IPv4, 0.0.0.0 ayinikeli noma yikuphi ukusebenza kwe-loopback.