I-Virus ye-Boot Sector ilawula ukuqala
I-drive eyinkimbinkimbi iqukethe izingxenye eziningi namaqoqo ezinhlangothini, ezingahle zihlukaniswe ngento ethiwa ukwahlukana. Ukuze uthole yonke imininingwane yokusabalalisa kulezi zingxenye, umkhakha we- boot usebenza njenge-Virtual system Deimy Decimal system. I-disk ngayinye ibuye ibe ne-Master Boot Record (MBR) etholakalayo futhi isebenze okokuqala kunoma yikuphi amafayela okusebenza okudingekayo okudingekayo ukuze kusebenze ukusebenza kwediski.
Uma i disk ifundwa, kuqala ifuna i-MBR, elandela ukudlulisela emkhakheni we-boot, obuye unikeze ulwazi olufanele mayelana nalokho okukhona kwi-disk nalapho kutholakala khona. Umkhakha we-boot ugcina ulwazi olukhomba uhlobo nolwazi lwesistimu yokusebenza i-disk efakwe ngayo.
Ngokusobala, umkhakha we-boot noma i-MBR igciwane elihlasela lesi sikhala kwi disk ibeka yonke imisebenzi yile disk engozini.
Qaphela : Igciwane lesigungu se-boot uhlobo lwe- rootkit virus , futhi la magama asetshenziselwa ngokungafani.
I-Virtual Boot Sector Virus
Igciwane lesikhwama sokuqala se-boot litholakale ngo-1986. Ubunjongo obubumbene, igciwane livela ePakistan futhi liqhutshwa kwimodi egcwele-stealth, etheleleka izintambo ezingu-360-Kb.
Mhlawumbe okwesabekayo kakhulu kuleli klasi lamagciwane kwakuyigciwane leMichelangelo elitholakale ngo-March 1992. UMichelangelo wayengumngane we-MBR ne-boot sector infectrr nge-Payment 6 ekhokhelwa ukuthi imikhakha engaphezu kwama-critical drift. UMichelangelo yilo igciwane lokuqala eladala izindaba zomhlaba wonke.
Indlela i-Boot Sector Virus Spread
Igciwane lesigungu se-boot ivame ukusakazeka ngezindaba zangaphandle, njenge-USB enegciwane noma enye imidiya efana neCD noma iDVD. Lokhu kwenzeka uma abasebenzisi behluleka ukushiya abezindaba kudrayivu. Uma uhlelo luqalisiwe, igciwane lilayisha futhi ligijime ngokushesha njengengxenye ye-MBR. Ukususa imidiya yangaphandle kuleli phuzu akususi igciwane.
Enye indlela le hlobo legciwane lingabamba ngayo ngokunamathiselwe kwe-imeyili okuqukethe ikhodi yesifo se-boot. Uma sekuvuliwe, igciwane lithinta ikhompyutheni futhi lingase lisebenzise ngokunenzuzo uhlu loxhumana naye lomsebenzisi ukuthumela izimpendulo zodwa kwabanye.
Izimpawu ze-Virus ye-Boot Sector
Kunzima ukwazi ngokushesha uma usulelekile ngalolu hlobo lwegciwane.Kodwa isikhathi, noma kunjalo, ungaba nezinkinga zokubuyiswa kwedatha noma idatha yesazi idlule ngokuphelele. Ikhompyutha yakho ingase ihluleke ukuqala, nomlayezo wephutha "I-boot disk engavumelekile" noma "I-disk yesistimu engavumelekile."
Ukugwema i-Virus ye-Boot Sector
Ungathatha uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokugwema igciwane lesigceme noma se-boot sector.
- Ukuqapha : Ngokusobala, izinga lokuqala lokuvikela kunoma yiliphi igciwane liqaphele: Ungalokothi ufake imithombo engaziwa kukhompyutha yakho, futhi uhlakaniphe mayelana nezikhalazo ze-imeyili, okunamathiselwe nokulandwa.
- Amathuluzi okuvikela a-Anti-Virus : Kodwa njengoba kubalulekile, noma kunjalo, ukuvimbela ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi eliqinile lokuthola igciwane kanye nokuvimbela. I-Windows 10 ithumela nge-Windows Defender, ngenkathi izinguqulo zangaphambili ze-Windows nomkhumbi we-Microsoft Security Essentials. I-Microsoft itusa ukuthuthela ku-Windows Defender kulezi zinguqulo ezidala ze-Windows. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuluzi amaningana ahlelekile futhi asemali ayatholakala, kuhlanganise nama-Malwarebytes nama-AdwCleaner mahhala kanye noMcafee onamandla kakhulu ne-Norton, phakathi kwabanye. A
- Qaphela : Ungalokothi ugijime izinsiza ezimbili zokuvikela igciwane ngesikhathi esifanayo ngoba omunye angakhubaza enye. Uma ufisa ukusebenzisa izinhlelo eziningi, khubaza omunye ngaphambi kokusebenza omunye.
- Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Software : Gcina isofthiwe yakho ibuyekeziwe ngoba abakhiqizi be-software bavame ukukhipha ama-patches nokulungiswa kwezimbobo zokuphepha eziye zaphulwa ngabaduni nama-virus.
- Izipele : Ukwenza izipele zokulondoloza idatha kuphela kodwa isiphequluli se-boot disk singakusiza ukuthi ululame uma kwenzeka kumkhakha we-boot noma i-rootkit virus. Nakuba lokhu akulona isu lokuvimbela, kufanele lenziwe ngaphambi kokuba uthole igciwane.
Ukubuyisela kusuka ku-Boot Sector Virus
Ngenxa yokuthi amagciwane we-boot sector angase afake isikhala kumkhakha we-boot, kungaba nzima ukululama.
Okokuqala, zama ukuvula i- Safe Mode ye-Safe -down. Uma ungangena kumodi ephephile, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zakho zokulwa ne-virus ukuze uzame ukususa igciwane.
I-Windows Defender manje inikeza futhi inguqulo "engaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi" ezokwenza ukuba ulande futhi ugijime uma ingeke isuse igciwane. I-Windows Defender Offline iyasiza ekubhekaneni namagciwane we-rootkit ne-boot sector ngoba ihlaziya ikhompyutha yakho ngenkathi iWindows ingasebenzi ngempela-okusho ukuthi igciwane alihambanga, noma kunjalo. Ungakwazi ukufinyelela ngqo le Umbuso ngokuya kuzilungiselelo , ukuvuselela nokuphepha , bese u- Windows Defender . Khetha Khetha Ukungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi .
Uma kungekho isofthiwe yokuvikela igciwane ekwazi ukubona, ukuhlukanisa noma ukuhlukanisa igciwane, ungase udinge ukuguqula i-hard disk yakho ngokuphelele njengesenzo sokugcina.
Kulesi simo, uyojabula ukuthi wadala izipele!