Incazelo yegciwane lesifayili namathuluzi okususa amagciwane
Ifayela elifayili lihlasela ama-executable, ngokuvamile amafayela we- EXE , ngokufaka ikhodi ekhethekile kwenye ingxenye yefayela yasekuqaleni ukuze idatha enonya ingenziwa uma ifayela lifinyelelwa.
Isizathu sokuthi igciwane liphethelela i-executables yilokho, ngencazelo, i-executable uhlobo lwefayela olubulawa futhi hhayi nje ukufunda. Isibonelo, amafayela we-EXE ne- MSI (kokubili ama-executable) amafayela asebenzisa ikhodi uma evuliwe.
Lezi zihlukile kunezingekho ze-executables ezinjenge- JPG noma amafayela e- DOCX angenayo mahhala ekhonza ukukukhombisa isithombe noma iqembu lombhalo.
Qaphela: Ifayela le-virus libizwa ngezinye izikhathi ngokuthi i-infectors noma i-virus kuphela, futhi ikhonjiswe ngokungalungile njenge-keyloggers, i-adware, i-spyware, i-ransomware, izibungu nezinye izinhlobo ze- malware .
Izinhlobo zamaVaysi eFayili
Ama-virus ahlukaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-malware ngokuthi aziphendulela. Bahlasela amanye amafayela aphethwe ngokumelene nemvume yomsebenzisi, futhi kungenzeka noma angathinti ukusebenza jikelele kwedivayisi.
Uhlobo olulodwa lwegciwane yisifo sefayili esiphezulu, okuyinto engaphezu kwefayili yokuqala, esikhundleni sayo ngekhodi enonya. Lezi zinhlobo zegciwane kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha ngoba noma yini ethintekile ngegciwane elibhaliwe ayikwazi ukukhutshazwa i-disinfected.
I-Loveletter, eyasebenza njenge-worm ye-imeyli, igciwane lesifayili, kanye ne- Trojan downloader, yisibonelo esibi kakhulu segciwane lokukhipha ifayela. I-Loveletter ifune izinhlobo ezithile zefayela futhi ibhala phansi ngekhodi yayo enonya, ichithe unomphela okuqukethwe kwalawo mafayela.
Enye uhlobo lwegciwane ngenye indlela evele ilahle ikhodi encane yefayela elifakwe efayeleni. Uhlelo noma olusebenzayo lungase lusebenze ngokuphelele kodwa igciwane lifihliwe ngaphakathi futhi luzoqala ngesikhathi esimisiwe (ngokuvamile okuthiwa ibhomu lesikhathi), noma mhlawumbe luhlala lusebenza kodwa aluphazamisi ukusebenziseka kwefayela elikuthelelekile.
Ngakho-ke, amafayili egciwane angadalwa ukuze ahambe kwamaphuzu athile, njengalapho ifayela livuliwe noma ngisho nalapho kwenzeka umcimbi ongahambisani, njengalapho olunye uhlelo lusebenza. I-virus yefayela ingase ibe khona ngasese futhi ingalokothi ithinte noma yini kuze kube yilapho enye inqubo iqhubeka.
Lolu hlobo lwesibini lwegciwane lefayela lungavimbela ukuxilongwa nge-antimalware noma ithuluzi le-antivirus.
Amanye ama-virus wefayela angaphinda aphendule kudivayisi noma kwinethiwekhi ukuthelela amanye amafayela aphethwe. Bangakwazi ngisho nokuthelela umkhakha we- boot bese kuthinta indlela amabhuthoni ekhompyutheni, ngezinye izikhathi enze ikhompiyutha noma idivayisi yakho ingasebenzi ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho idatha enonya isusiwe.
Indlela Yokuthola I-Virus Yefayela
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ngokugcwele izinhlobo zefayela ezivame ukuba ama-virus afinyelelwe. Bheka uhlu lwethu lweZingeniso Zefayili Efezekayo kumafayili okufanele uwaqaphele ngoba angase abambe ama-virus wefayela.
Amanye ama-virus wefayela agcinwa ngendlela engcolile yokwenza ucabange ukuthi awunabungozi. Isibonelo, ungase ulande ifayela elibizwa ngevidiyo.mp4.exe elibonakala liyifayela levidiyo le- MP4 . Njengoba ubona, isixhumi sangempela yi ".EXE" ngoba lezo yizinhlamvu ezilandela isikhathi sokugcina egameni lefayela.
Ifayela lokuthelela ama-virus lihlose izinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza , kuhlanganise ne-Mac, Unix, Windows, Linux, ne-DOS. Bangakwazi ukusabalalisa ngezinamathiselo zefayela le-imeyili, ukulandwa kwe-intanethi, izixhumanisi ze- URL ezingalungile, nokuningi.
Ithiphu: Bheka ukuthi ungayilanda kanjani ngokuphepha & Faka isofthiwe ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani ekulandeleni igciwane lefayela.
Indlela yokususa noma ukuvimbela amaVaysi efayela
Ama-virus asuswe kahle ngaphambi kokuthi enze noma yimuphi umonakalo wangempela. Qinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa inguqulo yakamuva ye- software yakho ye- antivirus ukuze noma yiziphi izinsongo ezikhona ezingakunakekelwa ngokushesha.
Uma ungakwazi ukungena ngemvume kukhompyutheni yakho ukususa igciwane lefayela noma ukuhlola okwenzekayo, zama ukuvula i-Safe Mode uma usebenzisa i-Windows, noma sebenzisa uhlelo lokuvikela unqulo wesi arab ngokuskena ikhompyutha kuma-virus wefayela ngaphambi kwe-OS uzama ukulayisha.
Amanye amagciwane angase alayishwe enkumbulweni futhi abonakale ekhiyiwe uma ezama ukuwasusa. Ungase ukwazi ukuvala inqubo yegciwane nge- Task Manager noma enye ithuluzi elingacindezela-ukuvala izinqubo ezimbi .
Bheka Indlela Yokusebenzisa Ngokufanele Ikhompyutha Yakho Ye-Malware ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungasusa kanjani amagciwane nezinye i-malware ezimazayo.
Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-antivirus, enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokumisa ama-virus wefayela ukugcina uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza nesofthiwe kubuyekeziwe. Sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-software yamahhala ukuze ugcine izinhlelo zakho zangaphandle zivuselelwe kabusha, futhi iWindows Update ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iWindows ngokwayo ihlale ilandelwa ngokulungiswa kwamuva kokuphepha.