Dir Command

Izibonelo zokulahla, ukushintsha, izinketho, nokuningi

Umyalo we-dir is umyalo we- Command Prompt osetshenziselwa ukubonisa uhlu lwamafayela kanye nezicathulo eziqukethwe kwifolda.

Ifayela ngalinye noma ifolda ehlwiniwe, umyalelo wezwi uzobe, ngokuzenzakalelayo, ubonise usuku nesikhathi into egcine ishintshiwe, uma into ifolda (ebizwa ngokuthi

) noma ifayela, ubukhulu befayela uma kufanelekile, futhi ekugcineni igama lefayela noma ifolda kufaka isandiso sefayela .

Ngaphandle kwefayela kanye nohlu lwamafolda, umlayezo we-dir uyabonisa ikhodi yokushayela yamanje yehlukaniso , ilebuli yevolumu , inombolo ye-volume serial , inani lenani lamafayela alweliswe, usayizi ophelele walewo mafayela ku-bytes, inani lezintwana ezifakwe kuhlu, futhi i-bytes ephelele ehleliwe mahhala ku-drive.

Ukutholakala kwe-Dir Command

Umyalo we-dir uyatholakala kusuka ngaphakathi kwe- Command Prompt kuwo wonke ama-Windows operating systems okufaka i- Windows 10 , Windows 8 , Windows 7 , Windows Vista , ne- Windows XP .

Izinguquko ezindala ze-Windows zifaka umyalo wokungcola futhi kodwa nezinketho ezimbalwa ezingezansi kunalokho engibhale ngezansi. Umyalo we-dir is futhi umyalo we- DOS , otholakala kuzo zonke izinguqulo ze-MS-DOS.

Umyalo we-dirty ungatholakala kuzinguqulo ze-Command Prompt ezingaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi, njengalezo ezitholakala kwizinketho zokuqala zokuqala nezinketho zokubuyisela uhlelo . Umyalo we-dir uyaphinda ufakwe ku- Recovery Console ku-Windows XP.

Qaphela: Ukutholakala kwamashintshi athile okulahla amakholi kanye neminye imilayezo ye-dirta yokulahla ingahluka kusuka ohlelweni lokusebenza kuya ohlelweni lokusebenza.

I-Dir Command Syntax

dir [ drive : ] [ indlela ] [ igama lefayela ] [ / a [[ : ] izimfanelo ]] [ / b ] [ / c ] [ / d ] [ / l ] [ / n ] [ / o [ :: ] ] [ / p ] [ / q ] [ / r ] [ / s ] [ / t ] [ / ] [ field ] isikhathi ]] [ / w ] [ / x ] [ / 4 ]

Ithiphu: Bona ukuthi Ungafunda kanjani i-Syntax ye-Command uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ungayichaza kanjani i-syntax yomyalo wezwi njengoba ngiyilobile ngenhla noma njengoba kuboniswe etafuleni elingezansi.

ukushayela :, indlela, igama lefayela Le yindlela yokuhamba , indlela , kanye / noma igama lomsebenzisi ofuna ukubona imiphumela yomyalo wephutha. Yonke into emithathu iyakhethwa ngoba umyalelo wezwi ungenziwa kuphela. Ama-wildcards avunyelwe. Bheka isigaba se- Dir Command Examples ngezansi uma lokhu kungacacile.
/ a

Uma kukhishwa yodwa, lo mshini ubonisa zonke izinhlobo zamafayela namafolda, kufaka nalawo anezici zefayela ezivimbela ukuba zingabonisi ku-Command Prompt noma ku-Windows. Sebenzisa / a ngeyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezici ezilandelayo (ikholoni iyakhethwa, akukho izikhala ezidingekayo) ukukhombisa kuphela lezo izinhlobo zamafayela emphumela wokulahlwa oyiphutha:

/ b Sebenzisa le nketho ukukhombisa imiphumela emibi usebenzisa isakhiwo "esingenalutho", esusa imininingwane ejwayelekile yezinhloko nezinyawo, kanye nayo yonke imininingwane entweni ngayinye, ishiya kuphela igama lomqondisi noma igama lefayela kanye nesandiso.
/ c Lokhu kushintshela ukusetshenziselwa ukwahlukanisa izinkulungwane lapho umyalo we-dir usetshenziswa ngendlela ebonisa ubukhulu befayela. Lokhu ukuziphatha okuzenzakalelayo kuma-computer amaningi ngakho ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo / / c ukukhubaza i-separator yezinkulungwane emiphumeleni.
/ d Sebenzisa / d ukukhawulela izinto eziboniswe kumafolda nje (okuqukethwe ngaphakathi kubakaki) namagama wefayela ngezandiso zawo. Izinto zihlelwe phezulu kuya kwesezansi bese zivela kuwo wonke amakholomu. Isihloko somyalo ojwayelekile we-dir dir ne-footer uhlala okufanayo.
/ l Sebenzisa le nketho ukubonisa wonke ifolda namagama wefayela ku-lowercase.
/ n Lolu shicilela luveza umphumela ngamakholomu kusikhathi -> isikhathi -> isiqondisi -> usayizi wefayela -> ifomethi yekholomu noma ifolda igama lekholomu. Njengoba lokhu kuwukuziphatha okuzenzakalelayo, ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo yi- /n okukhiqiza amakholomu egameni lefayela noma ifolda -> isiqondisi -> usayizi wefayela -> idethi -> isikhathi sesikhathi .
/ o

Sebenzisa le nketho ukucacisa ukuhlelwa kohlobo lwemiphumela. Uma kukhishwa yedwa, / o uhlela izinkomba kuqala, kulandelwa amafayela, kokubili ngokulandelana kwe-alfabhethi. Sebenzisa lolu khetho ngenye yamagugu alandelayo noma ngaphezulu (ikholoni iyakhethwa, akukho izikhala ezidingekayo) ukuze uhlele umphumela wokulahla oyiphutha ngendlela ecacisiwe:

  • d = hlela usuku / isikhathi (endala kuqala)
  • e = hlela ngokwandiswa (alfabhethi)
  • g = isiqondisi seqembu kuqala, silandelwe amafayela
  • n = hlela ngamagama (alfabhethi)
  • s = hlela ngesayizi (encane kunazo zonke kuqala)
  • - = Sebenzisa lokhu njengesiqalo sinoma yiziphi izimiso ezingenhla ukuze uguqule umyalo (isib. -d ukuhlela ngokuqala kuqala, -ukukhulu kokuqala, njll).
/ iphe Lolu khetho lubonisa imiphumela eyodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, luphazanyiswe ngeCindezela noma iyiphi ikhiye ukuze uqhubeke ... ngokushesha. Ukusebenzisa / p kuyafana kakhulu nokusebenzisa umyalo we-dir ngomyalo owengeziwe .
/ q Sebenzisa le switch ukuze ubonise umnikazi wefayela noma ifolda kwimiphumela. Indlela elula yokubuka noma ukuguqula ubunikazi befayela kusuka ngaphakathi kweWindows ngenkinobho Ethuthukile kuthebhu yezokuphepha lapho ubheka izindawo zefayela.
/ r I- r / inketho ibonisa noma yikuphi ukuhambisa kwedatha okunye (ADS) okuyingxenye yefayela. Ukusakaza kwedatha ngokwakho kubhalwe ohlwini olusha, ngaphansi kwefayela, futhi lihlale ligcwele nge $ DATA , okwenze kube lula ukuwabona.
/ s Lolu khetho lubonisa wonke amafayela namafolda kuhla lwemibhalo ecacisiwe kanye nawo wonke amafayela namafolda aqukethe kunoma yimaphi ama-subdirectories alowo aqondisiwe.
/ t

Sebenzisa le nketho ngeyodwa yamagugu angezansi (ikholoni iyakhethwa, ayikho izikhala ezidingekayo) ukucacisa inkambu yesikhathi okufanele isetshenziswe uma uhlela futhi / noma ubonisa imiphumela:

  • a = ukufinyelela kokugcina
  • c = wadala
  • w = okokugcina kubhaliwe
/ w Sebenzisa / w ukukhombisa imiphumela "kufomethi enkulu" ebeka izinto eziboniswe kumafolda nje (okuqukethwe ngaphakathi kubakaki) namagama wefayela ngezandiso zawo. Izinto zihlelwe ohlwini lwesokunxele bese kwesokudla bese phansi imigqa. Isihloko somyalo ojwayelekile we-dir dir ne-footer uhlala okufanayo.
/ x Lo mshini ubonisa "igama elifushane" elinganayo namafayili amagama awo ajwayelekile awahambisani nemithetho engeyona engu-8dot3.
/ 4 I- 4/4 ishintshe ukusetshenziswa kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezine. Okungenani izinguqulo ezintsha ze-Windows, isibonakaliso sonyaka wamadijithi angu-4 ukuziphatha okuzenzakalelayo kanye / /4 akusikho isibonakaliso seminyaka emibili.
/? Sebenzisa inkinobho yosizo ngomyalo we-dir ukukhombisa imininingwane mayelana nezinketho ezingenhla ngqo kwiwindi lokuLawula i-Command. Ukusebenzisa ukungcola /? kufana nokusebenzisa umyalo wosizo wokukhipha usizo udoti .

Ithiphu: Ngokucabangela ivolumu yolwazi ukuthi umyalelo wephutha uvame ukubuya, ukusindisa konke kufayela lokubhala nge- opharetha we- redirection ngokuvamile umqondo ohlakaniphile. Bheka ukuthi Ungabuyekeza kanjani ukuphuma kokulayishwa kwifayela ukuze uthole okwengeziwe mayelana nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu.

Izibonelo ze-Dir Command

faka

Kulesi sibonelo, umyalo we-dir usetshenziselwa wodwa, ngaphandle kwe- drive :, indlela, imininingwane yegama lefayela , nanoma yikuphi ukushintsha, okwenza umphumela onjengale:

C: \> faka Ibhuku ku-drive C ayinayo ilebula. I-Volume Serial Number i-F4AC-9851 I-C: \ 09/02/2015 12:41 PM $ SysReset 05/30/2016 06:22 PM 93 HaxLogs.txt 05/07/2016 02:58 AM I-PerfLogs 05/22/2016 07:55 PM AmaFomu Ohlelo 05/31/2016 11:30 AM Amafayela Uhlelo (x86) 07/30/2015 04:32 PM Temp 05/22 / 2016 07:55 PM Abasebenzisi 05/22/2016 08:00 PM Windows 05/22/2016 09:50 PM Windows.old 1 Amafayela (s) 93 bytes 8 Amasha (s) 18.370.433.024 ama-byte mahhala

Njengoba ungabona, umyalo we-dir uyaphendulwa kusukela kusiqondisi somsuka we C (ie C: \>). Ngaphandle kokucacisa lapho uhlonza khona ngqo ifolda nokuqukethwe kwefayili kusuka, ukuhluleka komyalelo wokulalisa ukubonisa lolu lwazi kusuka lapho umyalo owenziwe khona.

tshela c: \ abasebenzisi / ah

Kulesi sibonelo esingenhla, ngiyacela ukuthi umyalo we-dir uyibonise imiphumela kusukela ku- drive : nendlela ye c: \ abasebenzisi , hhayi endaweni engiyisebenzisa ngayo umyalo kusuka. Ngicacisa futhi, nge- / inkinobho ngesikhangiso h , engingathanda ukubona izinto ezifihlekile, okubangele into enjengale:

C: \> dir c: \ abasebenzisi / ah Umqulu ku-drive C awunawo ilebula. I-Volume Serial Number yi-F4AC-9851 I-directory ye c: \ abasebenzisi 05/07/2016 04:04 AM Bonke Abasebenzisi [C: \ ProgramData] 05/22/2016 08:01 PM Okuzenzakalelayo 05/07 / 2016 04:04 AM Umsebenzisi Ozenzakalelayo [C: \ Users \ Default] 05/07/2016 02:50 AM 174 desktop.ini 1 Amafayela (ama) 174 bytes 3 Amasha (s) 18,371,039,232 ama-byte mahhala

Uhlu oluncane lwezinkomba kanye nefayela elilodwa obona kulo mphumela ngenhla alwenzi lonke le- c: \ abasebenzisi ifolda - amafayela afihliwe namafolda kuphela. Ukubona wonke amafayela namafolda, uzokhipha c: \ abasebenzisi / a (ukususa h ) kunalokho.

tshela c: \ *. csv / s / b> c: \ abasebenzisi \ isikhathi \ desktop \ csvfiles.txt

Kule ndlela encane kakhulu, kodwa ewusizo kakhulu, isibonelo somyalo we-dir, ngiyacela ukuthi yonke i- hard drive yami isetshenziswe amafayela e-CSV bese imiphumela engabonakali iyabhalwa kwidokhumenti yombhalo. Ake sibheke ngalesi siqephu:

  • c: \ *. csv utshela umyalo wokudaka ukubuka wonke amafayela ( * ) aqeda ukwandiswa kwe-CSV ( .csv ) empandeni c: idrayivu.
  • / s iyala ukuthi ingene ekujuleni kunomsuka c: futhi esikhundleni salokho, funa amafayela anjengalezi kuzo zonke izintolda, ngokujulile njengoba amafolda aya khona.
  • / b kususa lutho ngaphandle kwegama negama lefayela, ngokuyisisekelo ukudala "uhlu" olufundwa lala mafayela.
  • > ngumqhubi we- redirection , okusho ukuthi "thumela" endaweni ethile.
  • c: \ abasebenzisi \ tim \ ideskithophu \ csvfiles.txt iyindawo yokubuyela emuva > , okusho ukuthi imiphumela izobhalwa kwifayela le- csvfiles.txt esikhundleni se-Command Prompt, ezokwenziwa ku- c: \ users \ tim indawo yedeskithophu (okusho i-Desktop engiyibonayo uma ngingene ngemvume).

Uma uqondisa kabusha okukhipha umyalo efayeleni , njengoba senze lapha kulesi sibonelo somyalo wephutha, i-Command Prompt ayibonisi lutho. Kodwa-ke, okukhipha okuqondile owawuyobona kunalokho kufakwe ngaphakathi kwaleli fayela lombhalo. Nansi ukuthi i- csvfiles.txt yami ibonakala sengathi ngemva komyalo we-dir weqedile :

c: \ ProgramData \ Intuit \ Quicken \ Inet \ merchant_alias.csv c: \ ProgramData \ Intuit \ Quicken \ Inet \ merchant_common.csv c: \ Abasebenzisi \ Bonke Abasebenzisi \ Intuit \ Quicken \ Inet \ merchant_alias.csv c: \ Abasebenzisi \ Bonke Abasebenzisi \ Intuit \ Quicken \ Inet \ merchant_common.csv c: \ Abasebenzisi \ Tim \ AppData \ Roaming \ isimo.2.csv c: \ Abasebenzisi \ Tim \ AppData \ Roaming \ line.csv c: \ Abasebenzisi \ Tim \ AppData \ Ukuzulazula \ media.csv

Ngenkathi ngokuqinisekile ungase weqa i-redirection yefayili, futhi ngisho nomshini "ongabonakali", ushintsho luyoba nzima kakhulu ukusebenza ngefasitela le-Command Prompt, okwenze kube nzima ukufika kulokho okwakunakho - indawo yazo zonke Ifayela le-CSV kukhompyutha yakho.

Imiyalo Ehlobene Ne-Dir

Umyalo wezwi ovame ukusetshenziselwa nge-del del command. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa umyalo we-dir ukuthola igama nendawo yefayela noma amafayela noma kunoma iyiphi ifolda ethile, umyalo we-del ungasetshenziswa ukususa amafayela ngokuqondile ku-Command Prompt.

Ngokufanayo umyalo we- rmdir / s , nomyalo osemdala we- deltree , osetshenziselwa ukususa amafolda namafayela. Umyalo we- rmdir (ngaphandle kokukhetha / ukukhetha) kuwusizo ekususeni amafolda angenalutho owutholayo ngomyalo wezwi .

Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, umyalo we-dir uyaphinda usetshenziswe nomqhubi we- redirection .