Abaqondisi Bokuxhumana Nenethiwekhi Abaqapha Impilo Yezinethiwekhi Zabo
Ukuqapha inethiwekhi iyisigatshana se-IT esetshenziswa njalo. Ukuqapha kwenethiwekhi kubhekisela kumkhuba wokuqondisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yekhompyutha usebenzisa amathuluzi we-software ephathekayo wokuphatha. Izinhlelo zokuqapha inethiwekhi zisetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kanye nokusebenza jikelele kwama-computer (abakwa-hosts) nezinsizakalo zenethiwekhi. Bavumela ama-admins aqaphe ukufinyelela, ama-routers, izingxenye ezihamba kancane noma ezingaphumeleli, izibhamu, izinkinobho ezisemqoka, izinhlelo zamakhasimende kanye nokusebenza kweseva phakathi kweminye idatha yenethiwekhi. Izinhlelo zokuqapha inethiwekhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa amanethiwekhi amakhulu e-IT namanethiwekhi e-IT.
Izici eziyinhloko ku-Monitoring Network
Uhlelo lokuqapha kwenethiwekhi lungakwazi ukubona nokubika ukwehluleka kwamadivayisi noma ukuxhumana. Ngokujwayelekile kulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU yamabandla, ukusetshenziswa komkhawulokudonsa kwenethiwekhi wezixhumanisi , nezinye izici zokusebenza. Ngokuvamile ithumela imilayezo-ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi imilayezo ye-watchdog-phezu kwenethiwekhi kumsingathi ngamunye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyaphendula izicelo. Uma ukuhluleka, impendulo engasheshi kahle noma ukuziphatha okungalindelekile kutholakala, lezi zinhlelo zithumela imilayezo eyengeziwe ebizwa ngokuthi izixwayiso ezindaweni ezikhethiwe njenge-server yokuphatha, ikheli le-imeyili noma inombolo yocingo ukwazisa abaphathi besistimu.
Izisetshenziswa ze-Software Monitoring Network
Uhlelo lwe-ping luyisibonelo esisodwa senqubo yokuqapha yenethiwekhi eyisisekelo. I-Ping iyithuluzi lesofthiwe elitholakalayo kuma-computer amaningi athumela imiyalezo yokuhlola ye- Intanethi (IP) phakathi kwamabandla amabili. Noma ubani onethiwekhi angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-ping eyisisekelo ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumeka phakathi kwamakhompi amabili ukusebenza futhi nokukala ukusebenza kokuxhumeka kwamanje.
Nakuba i-ping iyasiza kwezinye izimo, amanye amanethiwekhi adinga izinhlelo eziningi zokuqapha ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi ngesimo sezinhlelo ze-software ezenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabaphathi bezobuchwepheshe bamakhompiyutha amakhulu. Izibonelo zala maphakheji wesofthiwe yi-HP BTO ne-LANDesk.
Uhlobo oluthile lwesistimu yokuqapha inethiwekhi yakhelwe ukuqapha ukutholakala kwamaseva wewebhu. Kubamabhizinisi amakhulu abasebenzisa i-pool yamaseva ewebhu asakazwa emhlabeni jikelele, lezi zinhlelo zisiza ukutholakala ngokushesha ngezinkinga kunoma iyiphi indawo. Izinsizakalo zokuqapha Iwebhusayithi ezitholakalayo kwi-Intanethi zihlanganisa i-Monitis
UHlelo Lwesiqondisi Kungena Esilula
I-Protocol Yezokuphathwa Yenethiwekhi Elula iprotocol ephathekayo yokuphatha ehlanganisa isofthiwe yokuqapha inethiwekhi. I-SNMP yiyona inqubo yokuqapha kwenethiwekhi kanye nokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi. Ihlanganisa:
- Amadivaysi enethiwekhi ahlolwayo
- Software Agent kumadivayisi aqashwe
- Uhlelo lokulawulwa kwenethiwekhi (i-NMS), okuyinto ithuluzi lamathuluzi kuseva eliqapha idivayisi ngayinye kunethiwekhi futhi ixhumana ngolwazi ngalawo madivayisi kumlawuli we-IT.
Abaphathi bangasebenzisa ukuhlola kwe-SNMP nokuphatha izici zabo ngamanethiwekhi:
- Ukuqoqa ulwazi ngokuthi kungakanani ukusetshenziswa kwe-bandwidth esetshenziswa kwinethiwekhi
- Ukuvota okusebenzayo kumadivayisi wenethiwekhi ukucela isimo ngezikhathi ezicacisiwe
- Yazisa umlawuli ngomyalezo wombhalo wokuhluleka kwedivayisi
- Ukuqoqa imibiko yephutha, engasetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izinkinga
- Ithumela i-imeyili isaziso uma isiphakeli sifinyelela ezingeni eliphansi lesikhala sediski sediski
I-SNMP v3 inguqulo yamanje. Kufanele isetshenziswe ngoba iqukethe izici zokuphepha ezazingekho kuzinguqulo 1 no-2.