Hackers Good, Hackers Bad - Uyini umehluko?

Umehluko phakathi kokubhujiswa nokuvikelwa

Okokuqala, yini i-hacker?

Igama elithi "hacker" lingasho izinto ezimbili ezihlukene:

  1. Umuntu ohle kakhulu ohlelweni lwekhompiyutha, inethiwekhi, noma eminye imisebenzi ephathelene nekhompyutha futhi uthanda ukwabelana ngolwazi lwabo nabanye abantu
  2. Othile osebenzisa amakhono azo olwazi lwekhompiyutha nolwazi ukuze athole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kwezinhlelo, izinkampani, ohulumeni, noma amanethiwekhi, ukuze kubangele izinkinga, ukubambezeleka, noma ukuntuleka kokufinyelela.

Abantu abaningi abacabanga ngakho lapho bezwa igama elithi & # 34; hacker & # 34;

Igama elithi "hacker" alithathi imicabango engcono kakhulu kubantu abaningi. Incazelo ethandwayo yomuntu okhwabanisa ngumuntu ophuka ngamabomu kuzinhlelo noma amanethiwekhi ukuze athole ulwazi ngokungemthetho noma athole ukushayisana enkundleni ngenjongo yokuveza okucacile. Abaqaphi bavame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwenza izenzo ezinhle; Eqinisweni, igama elithi "hacker" livame ukufana "nogebengu" emphakathini. Laba abaduni be-hat-hat noma "abahlaziyi", abantu esibazwayo ngezindaba ezidala ukushaywa indiva nokudonsa phansi izinhlelo. Ngokungenangqondo bafaka amanethiwekhi aphephile futhi basebenzisa amaphutha ngenxa yokuzijabulisa kwabo siqu (futhi ngokuvamile okungalungile).

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zabakwaduni

Kodwa-ke, emphakathini we-hacker, kunemibono yezinkohliso eziqhamuka umphakathi ongaziqapheli. Kukhona abaduni abawela ezinkambeni ezingazibhubhisi, abanesithakazelo esivela kakhulu enhliziyweni. Laba bantu bangabanqunu abamhlophe, noma " abaduni abahle ." Abaduni be-hat-hack yibo bantu abawela ezinkambisweni ukuze babonise amaphutha okuphepha noma banakekele imbangela. Izinhloso zabo akuzona nje ukulimaza kodwa ukwenza insizakalo yomphakathi.

Ukuqhaqhazela njengesevisi yomphakathi

Abaduni be-hat-white baziwa nangokuthi abaduni bokuziphatha; bangabantu abaduni abasebenza ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwenkampani, ngolwazi olugcwele lenkampani nemvume, abangena kumanethiwekhi enkampanini ukuze bathole amaphutha futhi banikeze imibiko yabo enkampanini. Abaqashi abaningi abamhlophe baqashwe yizinhlangano zangempela zokuphepha kwekhompyutha, njenge-Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC). Njengoba kushiwo kusayithi labo, "ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kolwazi abangaphezu kuka-1 000, okubandakanya abaqashi bokuziphatha abasebenza isikhathi esigcwele abangu-40," ukusekela amaklayenti aseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, e-Australia, e-Afrika nase-Asia.Izinkonzo zihlanganisa ukubonisana, ukwakha nokuhlanganiswa, ukuhlolwa nokuhlola , ukuthunyelwa kanye nokusebenza, nokuqeqeshwa.

Ukuthunyelwa kwabahlukumezi bokuziphatha ukuhlola ukukhubazeka kwamanethiwekhi ekhompyutha kungenye yezindlela eziningi ze-CSC ezingasiza amakhasimende ukuba abhekane nezinsongo zokuphepha eziqhubekayo. "Laba ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-cyber bafuna amaphutha ohlelweni futhi bawalungise ngaphambi kokuba abantu ababi bangawasebenzisa.

I-Bonus Hacking Tip: Abanye abantu basebenzisa i-intanethi ukuze babonise izimbangela zezombangazwe noma zenhlalo ngokusebenzisa izenzo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i- hacktivism .'

Ukuthola umsebenzi njenge-hacker

Nakuba abashayeli bezimoto ezimhlophe abaqashelwa ngokujwayelekile ngendlela okufanele bayenze ngayo, izinkampani eziningi zifuna abantu abangakwazi ukuhlala ngaphambi kwabantu abazimisele ukuletha izinhlelo zabo phansi. Ngokuqasha abaduni abagibeli abamhlophe, izinkampani zinethuba lokulwa. Ngisho noma lezi zinhlelo ze-program zivele zibhekwa njengezingcingo emehlweni omphakathi, abaqashi abaningi manje banemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ekhokhela kakhulu ngezinkampani, ohulumeni kanye nezinye izinhlangano.

Yiqiniso, akuzona zonke iziphulwa zokuphepha ezingavinjelwa, kodwa uma izinkampani ziqasha abantu abakwazi ukuzibona ngaphambi kokuba bahlasele, khona-ke isigamu sempi sesivele sinqobile. Abaduni be-hat-white baqashwe imisebenzi yabo ngoba abaduni be-hat-hat ngeke bayeke ukwenza lokho abakwenzayo. Ukuthakazelisa kwezinhlelo ezithintekayo nokwehlisa amanethiwekhi kumnandi kakhulu, futhi-ke, ukugqugquzelwa kwengqondo akufani. Laba bantu abanobuhlakani kakhulu abangenalo ikhono lokuziphatha ngokufuna nokubhubhisa izakhiwo zekhompyutheni. Iningi lezinkampani ezikhiqiza noma yini ekusebenzelaneni namakhompyutha ziyabona lokhu futhi zithatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele ukuvimbela ama-hack, ukuvuza, noma ezinye izivikelo zokuphepha.

Izibonelo zabaduni abadumile

I-Black Hat

Ongaziwa : Iqembu elixhunyanisiwe elihle labaduni emhlabeni wonke, ngamaphuzu okuhlangana emabhokisini omyalezo ahlukahlukene e-intanethi kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana nabantu. Ziyaziwa kakhulu ngemizamo yabo yokukhuthaza ukungalaleli kwabantu kanye / noma izimpikiswano ngokusebenzisa ukungcoliswa nokuhlukunyezwa kwamawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene, ukuphika ukuhlaselwa kwezinsizakalo, nokushicilelwa kwe-inthanethi kolwazi lomuntu siqu.

UJonathan James : Ungathandeki ukungena kwi-Agency Yokuncishiswa Kokuzivikela Kokuzivikela nokweba ikhodi ye-software.

U-Adrian Lamo : Uyaziwa ngokufaka phakathi amanethiwekhi amaningi ezinhlangano eziphezulu, okufaka phakathi i- Yahoo , i-New York Times, ne-Microsoft ukusebenzisa iziphutha zokuphepha.

UCevin Mitnick : Utholwe ngamacala obugebengu obuningi obugebengu ngemuva kokuvela emagunyeni asemthethweni ngokuxoshwa kahle iminyaka emibili nengxenye. Ngemva kokukhonza isikhashana ejele lase- federal ngenxa yezenzo zakhe, uMitnick wasungula inkampani yokuphepha ye-cyber ukusiza amabhizinisi nezinhlangano kugcine amanethiwekhi awo ephephile.

I-White Hat

UTim Berners-Lee : Owaziwa kakhulu ngokusungula iWorld Wide Web , HTML , kanye ne- URL yesistimu.

I-Vinton Cerf : Eyaziwa ngokuthi "ubaba we-intanethi", i-Cerf iye yaba usizo kakhulu ekudaleni i- intanethi kanye neWebhu njengoba sisisebenzisa namhlanje.

UDan Kaminsky : Isazi esiphezulu sokuhlonishwa esaziwayo ngendima yakhe ekudaluleni i- rootkit scandal ye - Sony BMG yokuvikela ikhophi.

I-Ken Thompson : I-UN-co edalwe, isimiso sokusebenza, nolimi lwezinhlelo ze-C.

UDonald Knuth : Omunye wabantu abanethonya kakhulu emkhakheni wezinhlelo zekhompiyutha kanye nesayensi yekhompyutha yesayensi.

I-Larry Wall : Umdali we-PERL, ulimi oluhle lokuhlela uhlelo olungasetshenziselwa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene.

Abaqaphi: akuyona inkinga emnyama noma emhlophe

Nakuba iningi lezinyathelo esizoluthola ezindabeni zivela kubantu abanenhloso enonya, kunabantu abaningi abanamakhono abanamakhono abanamakhono abasebenzisa amakhono abo wokuqhaqhazela okuhle kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko.