I-Architectural Layer Architecture
I- Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) imodeli yesithenjwa bekuyiyona nto ebalulekile yokuklama kwenethiwekhi yekhompuyutha kusukela ekuqinisekisweni kwayo ngo-1984. I-OSI iyindlela ebonisa ukuthi indlela yokuxhumana nenethiwekhi kufanele ikhulume ngayo futhi isebenze ndawonye (ihlangene).
I-model ye-OSI iyinhlangano yobuchwepheshe obugcinwe yi-International Standards Organization (ISO). Nakuba ubuchwepheshe benamuhla abuhambisani ngokuphelele nezinga, lihlala lisihluthulelo esiwusizo ekutadisheni izakhiwo zenethiwekhi.
I-OSI Model Stack
I-OSI imodeli ihlukanisa umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi wokuxhumana kwekhomputha-kuya-computer, okubizwa ngokuthi i- internetworking , okwenziwe ngezigaba ezibizwa ngokuthi izendlalelo . Izendlalelo ku-OSI imodeli ziyalwe kusukela ezingeni eliphansi kuya eliphakeme kakhulu. Kanye, lezi zendlalelo zihlanganisa isitaki se-OSI. I-stack iqukethe izingqimba eziyisikhombisa emaqenjini amabili:
Izendlalelo eziphezulu:
- 7. uhlelo lokusebenza
- 6. isethulo
- 5. iseshini
Izendlalelo ezingezansi:
- 4. ezokuthutha
- 3. inethiwekhi
- 2. isixhumanisi sedatha
- 1. ngokomzimba
I-Layers Ephezulu Ye-OSI Model
I-OSI ibeka uhlelo lokusebenza, isethulo, kanye nesigaba sesiteji njengemigqa ephezulu . Ngokuvamile, isofthiwe kulezi zendlalelo yenza imisebenzi ethize-efana nokufometha kwedatha, ukubethela, nokuphathwa koxhumano.
Izibonelo zobuchwepheshe besendlalelo esiphezulu kumodeli we-OSI yi- HTTP , i- SSL , ne-NFS.
Izendlalelo ezingezansi ze-OSI Model
Izendlalelo ezisele ezingezansi ze -OSI imodeli zinikeza imisebenzi eminingana eyimfihlo yenethiwekhi njengendlela yokuhlela, ukubhekana nokulawula ukugeleza. Izibonelo zobuchwepheshe obuncane bokusibekela kumodeli ye-OSI yi- TCP , IP , ne- Ethernet .
Izinzuzo ze-OSI Model
Ngokuhlukanisa ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi zibe izingcezu ezincane ezinengqondo, i-OSI model yenza lula ukuthi izivumelwano zenethiwekhi zenzelwe. I-model ye-OSI yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini (njengama- adapters wenethiwekhi, ama-hubs , nama- routers ) konke okuzohambisana nayo noma ngabe kwakhiwa abakhiqizi abahlukene. Umkhiqizo ovela kumthengisi womshini oyedwa osebenzisa ukusebenza kwe-OSI Layer 2, isibonelo, kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu wokusebenzisana nomkhiqizo othile we-OSI Layer 3 ngoba bobabili abathengisi balandela imodeli efanayo.
I-model ye-OSI iphinda yenza imiklamo yenethiwekhi ibe lula kakhulu njengoba izivumelwano ezintsha nezinye izinsizakalo zenethiwekhi ngokuvamile kulula ukufaka ekwakhiweni okuklanyelwe kunokwodwa kwe-monolithic.