Umhlahlandlela Oyisisekelo Kuhlelo Lokusebenza lwe-Linux

by UGary Newell

Uhlu olulandelayo lubonisa izinto abasebenzisi okudingeka bazi ngaphambi kokufaka i-Linux.

Uzothola lapha impendulo kumbuzo eminingi kangaka kubandakanya ukuthi yiziphi izinto ze-Linux noma kunjalo, yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwe-Linux ne-GNU / Linux, yiziphi ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux nokuthi kungani kuneziningi zazo?

01 ngo-15

Kuyini i-Linux?

Kuyini i-Linux.

I-Linux, njenge-WIndows yisistimu yokusebenza.

Kukhulu kunalokho. I-Linux yinjini esetshenziselwa amandla okusebenza amadeskithophu, eyaziwa ngokuthi ukusabalalisa, okufana no-Ubuntu, i-Red Hat ne-Debian.

Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukunika amandla i-Android esetshenziselwa amafoni namaphilisi.

I-Linux isetshenziselwa ukufaka i-smart ebuchwepheshe be-smart njengama-televisions, amafriji, izinhlelo zokushisa kanye nama-lightbulbs.

Ngibhale umhlahlandlela ophelele ngokwengeziwe ku- "Kuyini Linux" lapha .

02 ngo-15

Iyini i-GNU / Linux?

I-Linux Vs GNU / Linux.

Ngokuvamile i-Linux isetshenziselwa ukubamba yonke into kanye namathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukwenza ideskithophu ye-Linux ukuthi iyini.

Iphrojekthi ye-GNU ibhekene nenani elikhulu lamathuluzi asetshenziswe kanye ne-Linux kernel.

Ngokuvamile, uma uzwa igama elithi GNU / Linux lifana neLinux futhi ngezinye izikhathi uma nje usebenzisa i-Linux igama elithi someone uzokweqa phezu kwakho futhi athi "usho i-GNU / Linux".

Ngeke ngikhathazeke kakhulu ngalokho, noma kunjalo. Abantu bavame ukusho igama elithi hoover uma bethi uhlanzekile, noma u-Sellotape uma bethetha i-tapy sticky.

03 ka-15

Kuyini Ukusabalalisa Kwe-Linux?

Ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux.

Nge-Linux yayo akuyona yonke into ewusizo ngempela. Udinga ukungeza ezinye izinhlelo namathuluzi kuwo ukuze wenze lokho ofuna ukuthi kube khona.

Ngokwesibonelo, i-friji ye-Linux ephethwe amandla ngeke isebenze ne-Linux kuphela. Umuntu othile udinga ukubhala izinhlelo nezinsimbi zomshini ezidingekayo ukuze zilawulwe i-thermostat, zikhiphe isibonisi esibonisa izinga lokushisa nazo zonke ezinye izici okubhekwa ukuthi zenza i-friji smart .

Ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-kernel ye-Linux, ngamathuluzi we-GNU angeziwe phezulu bese isethi yezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza abathuthukisi banqume ukuyiqoqa ndawonye ukuze basakaze.

Ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux yedeskithophu kuvame ukuhlanganiswa namanye noma wonke amathuluzi alandelayo:

I-kernel ye-Linux
I-GNU / Amathuluzi
Umphathi wokubonisa
Umphathi wewindi
Isimo sedeskithophu
Isifaki
Abaphathi bephakheji
Isofthiwe yesofthiwe efana nama-office suites, amaklayenti e-imeyli, iziphequluli zewebhu, abadlali bevidiyo, abadlali be-audio, njll

04 ka-15

Kungani Kukhona Ukunikezwa Kakhulu Kwe-Linux?

Ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux.

Lo ngumbuzo omuhle futhi omunye akaphenduli kalula.

Wonke umuntu unombono wakhe ngokuqondene nokuthi yini abayidingayo uhlelo lokusebenza lokusebenza nokuningi kunalokho abantu abanezidingo ezahlukene.

Isibonelo, abanye abantu banamakhompiyutha anamandla kakhulu ngakho bafuna yonke imiphumela yesikrini ye-whizzy kanti abanye bayoba nenethabhu engaphansi.

Ngokushesha, kusuka kusibonelo esingenhla, ungabona isidingo sokusabalaliswa kwe-Linux ezimbili.

Abanye abantu bafuna ukuba nayo yonke isofthiwe yakamuva ngokushesha uma itholakala ngenkathi abanye befuna isofthiwe ehle kakhulu. Ukusabalalisa okuningi kubangelwa nje ngoba banikeza amazinga ahlukene okuzinza.

U-Fedora, isibonelo, unezici ezintsha kodwa uDebian uzinzile kodwa usebenzisa isofthiwe edala.

I-Linux inikeza okuningi okukhethayo. Kukhona abaphathi abaningi befasitela nezimo zedeskithophu (ungakhathazeki ukuthi sizofinyelela kulokho abasekude).

Ezinye izimali zikhona ngoba zisebenzisa indawo eyodwa yedeskithophu ngenkathi enye ingase isebenze imvelo yedeskithophu ehlukile.

Ngokuvamile, ukusabalalisa okuningi nokuvama ngoba abathuthukisi bathole i-niche.

Ngokufana namabhizinisi namaqembu we-pop, ukusabalalisa okuningi kwe-Linux akulondolozi kepha kunezinye izimpahla ezinkulu kakhulu ze-Linux ezizobe zizungeze ikusasa elibonakalayo.

05 ka-15

Yimuphi I-Linux Distribution Engingayisebenzisa?

Ukuphawula.

Lokhu cishe imibuzo eyabuzwa kakhulu ku-Reddit, Quora, ne-Yahoo izimpendulo futhi nakanjani umbuzo engiwutholayo wabuza kakhulu.

Lona futhi umbuzo ongenakwenzeka ukuphendula ngoba njengoba iphuzu 4 likhulume wonke umuntu unezidingo ezahlukene.

Ngibhale umhlahlandlela obonisa indlela yokukhetha ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux kodwa ekupheleni kosuku kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu.

Ukunikezwa kwami okunconyelwe kwabasebenzisi abasha ku-Linux kubandakanya Ubuntu, Linux Mint, PCLinuxOS noZorin OS.

Iseluleko sami ukuya ku-Distrowatch, bheka i-rankings phansi ngakwesokudla, funda izincazelo zokusabalalisa, zama ukusabalalisa okuncane ku-Virtualbox bese ubeka ingqondo yakho ukuthi ikuphi okufanelana nawe.

06 ka-15

I-Linux Ikhululekile Ngempela?

Ingabe Linux Free.

Kunamagama amabili ozovame ukuzwa ngokuphathelene ne-Linux:

Ikhululekile njengasebhiya
Ikhululekile njengenkulumo

Lisho ukuthini ngempela lawo magama?

Ikhululekile njengalokhu kubhiya kusho ukuthi kuyakhokhisa noma yini imali ezoyisebenzisa. Uma ucabanga ngakho ubhiya ngokulinganayo akuyona mahhala. Ngokuvamile kufanele ukhokhe ubhiya. Ngakho uma othile ekunika ubhiya mahhala ungamangala.

Hey, qagela ngani? Ukunikezwa okuningi kweLinux kunikezwa mahhala ngakho-ke kubhekwa njengokukhululeka njengobhiya.

Kunezinye izimpahla ze-Linux ezikhokhela imali njenge-Red Hat Linux ne-ELive kodwa iningi linikezwa mahhala endaweni yokusebenzisa.

Ikhululekile njengesikhathi sokukhuluma libhekisela ekusebenziseni kwakho izingxenye ezakha i-Linux njengamathuluzi, ikhodi yomthombo, imibhalo, izithombe nezinye izinto.

Uma ungakwazi ukulanda, ukuchibiyela nokuphinda uphinde wabelane njengento efana namadokhumenti bese lokhu kubhekwa njengokukhululekile njengenkulumo.

Nansi umhlahlandlela omuhle kule ndaba.

Ukusabalalisa okuningi kwe-Linux kanye namathuluzi amaningi anikezelwe i-Linux akuvumela ukuthi ulande, uhlele, ubuke futhi ubuyekeze kabusha njengoba nawe

07 kwangu-15

Ngingazama I-Linux Ngaphandle Kwezinguquko Zama-WIndows?

Zama i-Linux.

Ukusabalalisa okuningi kwe-Linux okuhlinzekwayo kunika inguqulo ebukhoma yesistimu yokusebenza engabhalwa ngqo kusuka ku-USB drive.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungazama i-Linux ngaphakathi komshini oqobo ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi elibizwa nge-Virtualbox.

Isisombululo sokugcina ukuphinda usebenzise i-boot Windows nge-Linux.

08 ka-15

Ngingayenza kanjani i-Live Linux USB Drive?

Dala i-USB Drayivu Nge-Etcher.

Kunamathuluzi amaningi atholakala ku-Windows angasetshenziswa ukudala idrayivu ye-Linux USB ephilayo ehlanganisa:

I-Win32 Disk Imager
Rufus
Isifaki se-USB sonke
UNetbootin

Sebenzisa i-Distrowatch ukuze uthole ukusatshalaliswa futhi uhambise ekhasini lokuqala lasephrojekthi.

Chofoza isixhumanisi esifanele sokulanda ukulanda isithombe se-ISO (isithombe sedisk) sokusabalalisa kwe-Linux.

Sebenzisa enye yamathuluzi ngenhla ukubhala isithombe se-ISO ku-USB drive.

Kukhona iziqondiso ezithile kule sayithi kakade ukusiza:

09 ka-15

Kulula Kangakanani Ukufaka Linux?

Faka Ubuntu.

Lo mbuzo uphindela emuva ephasini 4. Ezinye izimpahla zilula ukufaka kunezinye.

Ngokuvamile, ukusabalaliswa kwe-Ubuntu kulula kakhulu ukufaka. Abanye abathanda ukuvula i-SUSE, i-Fedora, ne-Debian kukhona okukhanga kancane kepha kusengaphambili ngokuqondile.

Okunye ukunikezwa kunikeza inselele enkulu kakhulu njengeGentoo, Arch, ne-Slackware.

Ukufaka i-Linux ngokwakho kulula kunokuba usebenze ngokuphinda kabili kodwa ukuphinda usebenze ngokuphindiwe nge-Windows akuyona into enzima ukuyenza ezimweni eziningi.

Nazi iziqondiso ezimbalwa zokusiza:

10 kwangu-15

Kuyini Indawo Yendawo Yesktop?

Izimo ze-Desktop.

Ukukhetha ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux akuyona kuphela okumele ukwenze futhi ukhethe ukusabalalisa kungase kusekelwe empeleni kwendawo yedeskithophu evumelana nezidingo zakho futhi isetshenziswe kahle kakhulu.

Imvelo yendawo yedeskithophu iqoqo lamathuluzi okudweba okusetshenzisiwe njengenye yokwenza isipiliyoni somsebenzisi obumbene.

Isimo sedeskithophu sizofaka phakathi kokunye noma konke okulandelayo:

umphathi wewindi
amapaneli
amamenyu
amawijethi
imenenja yefayela
isiphequluli
office suite
umhleli wombhalo
Isikhumulo
umphathi wokubonisa

Umphathi wewindi unquma ukuthi amafasitela wesicelo ngasinye aziphatha kanjani.

Umphathi wokubonisa ubonisa indlela yokubonisa abasebenzisi ukungena ngemvume ekusakazeni.

Iphaneli ngokuvamile iqukethe imenyu, izithonjana zokuqalisa okusheshayo kwezicelo ezisetshenziselwa ngokuvamile kanye nereyi yesistimu.

Izindawo ezidume kakhulu zedeskithophu zimi kanje:

Ubumbano
I-GNOME
I-KDE
I-Cinnamon
MATE
Ukukhanya
I-Pantheon
I-XFCE
I-LXDE

Ukuzikhethela kwedeskithophu kuzovama ngokujwayelekile ekuthandweni komuntu siqu.

Ubumbano ne-GNOME zifana ngendlela efanayo ne-Isiqalisi nesibonakaliso sesitayela sedeshibhodi sokuqalisa izinhlelo zokusebenza.

I-KDE ne-Cinnamon ingokwesiko kakhulu namaphaneli namamenyu.

I-XFCE, i-LXDE, ne-MATE yilapha futhi isebenza kangcono kwi-hardware endala.

I-pantheon iyindawo ehlelekile yedeskithophu yemvelo futhi izobheka abasebenzisi be-Apple.

11 kwangu-15

Ingabe Umsebenzi Wami Wokwakha Hardware?

Ukusekelwa kweMpahla yeLinux.

Inganekwane evamile ukuthi i-hardware njengamaphrinta, ama-scanner, namadivayisi alalelwayo awasekelwe yi-Linux.

Njengoba siqhubeka ngekhulu lama-21, i-hardware eningi isekelwe yi-Linux futhi kaningi iWindows lapho uzothola khona ukuzingela abashayeli.

Kukhona amanye amadivaysi angaxhaswa kuphela.

Le sayithi ingakusiza ukuthi usebenze ukuthi ngabe unamadivayisi angasekelwa.

Indlela enhle yokuhlola ukudala inguqulo ebukhoma yokusatshalaliswa nokuzama i-hardware ngaphambi kokuya ku-Linux.

12 kwangu-15

Ngingayisebenzisa yini i-Windows software?

I-PlayOnLinux.

Kukhona ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-WINE elenza sikwazi ukuqhuba izinhlelo zokusebenza zeWindows kepha akusikho konke okusekelwayo.

Ngokuvamile uzothola enye i-Linux application ehlinzeka ngezici ezifanayo njenge-Windows application ozama ukuyisebenzisa.

Ngakho-ke, umbuzo kufanele ube "Ingabe ngifuna ukusebenzisa i-Windows software?"

Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Windows hlola le ncwajana:

13 kwangu-15

Ngingayifaka Kanjani I-Software Ngokusebenzisa i-Linux?

Umphathi wePhakheji ye Synaptic.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufaka isofthiwe usebenzisa i-Linux ukusebenzisa amaphathi wephakheji efakwe ohlelweni.

Ukusebenzisa imenenja yephakheji (ie software centre, synaptic, yum extender) awufaki nje kuphela ukufaka uhlelo olusesikhathini esiningi sesofthiwe kodwa futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke iqukathe i-malware.

Amaphakheji we-software ambalwa kakhulu afakwa ngokuya kwiwebhusayithi yomthengisi bese uchofoza inkinobho yokulanda.

14 kwangu-15

Ngingabuka amavidiyo we-Flash futhi ngidlale i-MP3 Audio?

Rhythmbox.

Ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa kwama-codec abunikazi, abashayela, amafonti kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza akutholakali njalo ebhokisini ngaphakathi kwe-Linux.

Ukusabalalisa okufana no-Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian nokuvulekaSUSE kudinga ukufaka isofthiwe eyengeziwe futhi wengeze amareferensi engeziwe.

Ezinye izimpahla ezifana neLinux Mint zihlanganisa yonke into ngokushesha.

Ngokuvamile, ukufakwa kwesofthiwe ye-proprietary kanye nabashayela kubhalwe kahle.

15 kwangu-15

Ingabe Ngidinga Ukufunda Ukusebenzisa I-Terminal?

I-screenfetch ye-Ubuntu.

Akudingekile kakhulu ukufunda ukusebenzisa ukuphela.

Abasebenzisi beDeskithophu abathanda ukuhlola imithombo yezokuxhumana, ukubukela amavidiyo, ukulalela umculo nokusebenzisa isofthiwe yehhovisi kungase kungathinti ukuphela.

Okunye ukunikezwa kwenza kube lula kunabanye ukuthi bangadingi ulwazi lomugqa womyalo.

Kuyafaneleka ukufunda okuyisisekelo mayelana nokugcina njengoba kunikezwa iningi ngokusebenzisa umugqa wokulawula njengoba lokhu kuyisici esivamile kuwo wonke ama-distributions.